1879.] MR. A. H. GARROD ON THE ANATOMY OF TUPAIA. 303 



inches in length, and - 8 inch in circumference. The large intestine 

 measures just over 3 inches, the conical and blunt-tipped caecum 

 not exceeding 0-/ inch in length. In Dr. Cantor's specimen of 

 Tupaia ferruginea the small intestine is longer, reaching 40 inches. 

 The mesenteric arteries form loops before they finally distribute. 



The kidneys are smooth, with a single calyx. The testes appear 

 large proportionately, the particularly big epididymis alone descend- 

 ing into the rudimentary scrotum. The prostate is bilobed, Cowper's 

 glands being of fair size. The glatis penis is elongately filiformly 

 conical, and terminally a little blunted. 



The aortic arch divides as in man, giving off a right innominate, 

 a left carotid, and a left subclavian. There are two independent 

 innominate veins, right and left. 



The lungs are deeply divided into three main lobes on each side, 

 •whilst on the right the extra azygos triangular lobe is also found, 

 not so large as any of the others. 



Through the kindness of our President, I have had the oppor- 

 tunity of dissecting a female specimen of Tupaia tana, where there 

 is a feebly developed sublingua, a less globose stomach, a lengthy 

 thin-walled small intestine, no trace of a cceeum, and a thick- walled 

 large intestine 3 - 25 inches long, quite easily distinguishable as such. 

 The caudate lobe of the liver is much larger proportionately than in 

 T. belangeri. In that there is no umbilical fissure, whilst that of 

 the gall-bladder is very deep, the two species agree. 



Dr. Giinther has also permitted me to eviscerate a Bornean spe- 

 cimen of Tupaia splendidula in the National Collection. Its liver is 

 constructed on a plan identical with that of the two other species, 

 the left lateral lobe being much the largest, the umbilical fissure 



Fig. 1. 



Brain of Tupaia belangeri ; lateral aspect. 



nearly obsolete, the cystic fissure deep, and the Spigelian lobe bifid. 

 The caudate lobe, however, is long and narrow. The colon was 

 very much distended, and with it the caecum, so that the ileo-csecal 

 valve appeared to be situated at the side of the dilated colon, near 

 to the blind extremity. If there had been no enlargement I 

 should infer, from inspection, that the caecum is normally less than 

 half an inch in length. 



The brain of Tupaia belangeri is smooth on its surface, and 

 otherwise much resembles that of Solenodon \ Rhynchocyon, Petro- 



1 ''Ueber die Saugethiergattung Solenodon," pi. ii., Abhandlungen der k. 

 Akad. der Wiss. zu Berlin. 6 



