1 880.] DENTAL CHARACTERS OF THE CANIDJ;. 265 



sinensis of Lund. Under these circumstances I presume that it 

 should be named C. cancrivorus. 



Another skull of a male animal which died in the Gardens has 

 unfortunately lost its mandible. It is labelled " C. cancrivorus," 

 and differs from the foregoing onlj in having a much broader sagittal 

 area, with slightly larger teeth and broader and longer palate in 

 proportion to the basicrauial axis (though not absolutely) than the 

 foregoing. 



A. third skull, also labelled "C. cancrivorus,'^ $, is young, with 

 the milk-teeth not yet shed. The permanent first molars above and 

 below are just coming into place ; and their actual dimensions are so 

 nearly identical with those of the preceding skulls, that, though the 

 mandible has not quite the characteristic degree of lobation, I am dis- 

 posed to think that the differences which exist depend merely on 

 age. 



8. If the measurements of the skulls of C. azarcB (a), C. cancri- 

 vorus, and C. azarce be now compared with one another and with 

 those of C. aureus, C. anthus, and C. lupus, they will be found to 

 form a gradual series of modifications. 



Table YI. — Proportional Measurements of the Skulls and Teeth of 



Thooids. 



C. azar(B C. cancri- C. an- 



(a). vorit^. C. azarcB. C. aureus, thus. C. lupus. 

 Length of basicranial 



axis 100 100 100 100 100 100 



Length of ^^ 224 25-5 26 3 27 30 32-5 



„ „ "^ 17-7 20-8 19-4 21-4 204 23^2 



„ „ — Ill 12 5 121 12 13 6 12-5 



„ „ — p 27-7 291 30 309 34 369 



„ „ —^ 14-4 15-6 15-7 171 163 171 



„ „ palate 125 125 150 124 137 146 



Breadth of palate ... 789 79 85 94 95 99 



The only considerable break in the regularity of the progression 

 here arises from the large size of ^^^ in C cancrivorus and the un- 

 usual length of the palate in C. azarce. This regularity, however, is 

 fortuitous. The measurements here given are those of individual 

 skulls ; and if several individuals of any given species are measured 

 in the same way, the range of variation in some cases is remarkable. 

 Thus, three specimens of the Indian Jackal yield the following results 

 (basicranial axis= 100) : — 



Proc. ZooL. Soc— 1880, No. XVII. 17 



