1880.] PAL^EARCTIC AND ^ETHIOPIAN TOADS. 547 



3. Parotoids blaek-eclged ; interorbit;*! space as broad 



as the upper eyelid 8. B. vulgaris. 



Parotoids not black-edged ; interorbital space nar- 

 rower than the upper eyelid 4. 



4. A parotoid-like gland on the upper side of the calf; 



belly entirely gi-anulate 1. B. calamita. 



Ko large gland on the calf ; belly almost entirely 



smooth 6. B. angusticeps. 



C. First finger not extending beyond second 6. 



rirst finger extending beyond second 7. 



6. A parotoid-like gland on the upperside of the calf; 



belly entirely granulate 2. B.raddci. 



No large gland on the calf; belly almost entirely 



smooth 6. B. angusticeps. 



7. Parotoids flat, indistinct 7. B.carens. 



Parotoids distinct 8. 



8 A cutaneous tarsal fold 9. 



No tarsal fold 10. 



9. Tympanum not more than half the size of the eye ; 



first finger not much longer than second 3. B. viridis. 



Tympanum nearly as large as the eye; first finger 



much longer than second Fi. B. rrgnlaris. 



10. Tympanum distinct 9. B. tuherosus. 



Tympanum hidden 10. B. taitanus. 



1. Btjfo calamita, Laurenti. 



S)t/o terrestris feticlus, Rosel, Hist. Ran. p. 107, pi. 24 (1758). 



Hiifo calamita, Laurenti, Syn. Kept. p. 27, pi. i. f. 1 (176"8); 

 Daudin, Hist.Rain. Gren. Crap. p. 77, pi. 28. f. 1 (1802) ; Dautlin, 

 Hist. Rept. viii. p. 153 (1803); Bonaparte, Faun. Ital. (1832); 

 Bell, Brit. Rept. p. 116 (1839) ; Giinther, Cat. Batr. Sal. p, 57 

 (1858); Fatio, Vert. Suisse, iii. p. 402(1872); Schreiber, Herp. 

 Eur. p. 141 (1875) ; De Betta, Faun. Ital. Rett. Anf. p. 75 (1875); 

 Lataste, Herp. Gir. p. 291 (1876) ; Leydig, An. Batr. p. 36(1877). 



jBufo cruciatus, Schneider, Hist. Amph. f. i. p. 193 (1799). 



Bvfo cursor, Daudin, Hist. Rept. viii. p. 164 (1803). 



Hiifo viridis, part., Dumeril & Bibron, Erp. Gen. viii. p. 681 

 (1841). 



Characters. — Crown of the head without bony ridges. Snout 

 short, blunt. Interorbital space narrow. Tymjianum small, round, 

 rather indistinct. Parotoids small, oval, or subtriangular, depressed. 

 Fingers short, with two-rowed subarticular tubercles ; first not ex- 

 tending beyond second. Hind limbs short ; a parotoid-like gland on 

 the calf; a cutaneous fold along the inner edge of the tarsus ; toes 

 short, webbed at the base, with the subarticular tubercles in two rows. 

 Upper parts with irregular, depressed, distinctly porous warts. 

 Olive-marbled or spotted above, generally a yellow vertebral line ; 

 beneath whitish, more or less black-spotted. Male with a much de- 

 veloped subgular vocal sac. 



