FOREST TREES OF THE PACIFIC SLOPE. 167 



Longevity. — Very little is known of its age; fuller records are required. 

 Trees from 5 to 8 inches in diameter are from 80 to 125 years old. Probably 

 only moderately long-lived — not exceeding 200 to 250 years. 



Tn widely separated groves In coast ranges of California from Siskiyous southward to 

 Napa County; also Sierra foothills of Shasta to Yuba counties. 



Occasional groves on dry hills and low slopes of northern coast mountains, from near 

 head of Hooker Canyon (Napa Mountains, Sonoma County) and Mount Altna. (central 

 Napa County) northward through Lake County to Red Mountain (east side of I'kiah 

 Valley, Mendocino County). Lake County: Noted in gulch on Complexion Creek, begin- 

 ning on stage road about G miles west of Leesville, and continuing thence westward 

 down gulch for 3 miles to Indian Valley ; road from Rumsey, at head of Capay Valley 

 to Lower Lake: exceedingly abundant along rocky gulch 2 or 3 miles beyond (north of) 

 Manhattan Mine, whence it extends northward for about 2 miles, but not quite to south 

 end of Morgan Valley ; west slope of Bartlett Mountain, a few trees at about 1,800 feet 

 altitude on north road from Bartlett Springs to Upper Lake; west side of Clear Lake 

 (road Highland Springs to Hopland), in gulch about 3 miles west of Highland Springs, 

 continuing very abundant for some distance; farther south (road Cobb Valley to Middle- 

 tow ni. in gulch a few miles northwest of Middletown ; on east base of Mount St. Helena 

 on St. Helena Creek, from about 5 miles south of Middletown at edge of valley (altitude 

 about 1,200 feet), southward up gulch for several miles, to about 1,500 feet; scattered 

 on Bartletl Creek (Lake County). Common in gulch near Cook Springs (Colusa County). 

 Baal Trinity Mountains, between Shasta (town) and Whiskeytown at 1,300 feet, and 

 reported elsewhere. Siskiyou County: (J rove near Little Shasta River about 15 miles 

 north of Mount Shasta (Sec. 14, T. 45 N., R. 4 W.) ; and also one (the northmost) on 

 west end of Siskiyous. at point about 10 miles from mouth of Seiad Creek (tributary 

 Klamath River). Noted in Sierras as follows: Shasta County: Just west of Lassen 

 Leak National Forest on plateau west of Burney Creek at 5,500 feet (southwest quarter 

 of Sec. 24, T. 34 N.. R. 2 E.) ; near head of North Fork of South Fork of Cow Creek 

 at 4,000 to 5,000 feet (southeast quarter of Sec. 5, T. 32 N., R. 2 E.) ; Lassen Peak 

 National Forest, small grove at base of Lassen buttes. Tehama County: Near Payne 

 post-office and on Payne Creek Hill, just west of Payne Creek; 160 acres on Upper Butte 

 Creek (near north line of Sec. 25, T. 30 N., R. 1 W.) ; several trees few miles south- 

 ward on Inskip Butte (T. 29 N., R. 1 \V.). Butte County: Magalia, at 2,300 feet. 

 Three groves near Dobbin (Yuba County), on Dry and Indiana creeks. 



OCCURRENCE. 



On dry east and west slope.; and ridges, In gravelly dry soils, which are often clayey 

 and sometimes very shallow. In pure, dwarfed stands of limited area or in small 

 groups. 



climatic Conditions. — Climate characterized by wide annual variations in precipita- 

 tion, minimum being about 13 and maximum 02 inches. Temperature, rarely or never 

 reaches zero, but often above 100° F. during the summer. 



Tolerance. — Not determined ; appears to be similar to other related species. 



REPRODUCTION. — Moderately abundant seeder, usually producing cones every year. 

 Seed similar in quality to that of Gowen cypress, but reproduction less abundant tha» 

 latter. 



CHAM^CYPAEJS. CEDARS. 



The cedars arc a little known, small group of evergreen trees, usually called 

 " cypresses." and somewhat resembling the Thujas. They differ greatly from 

 the Thujas, however, in having very much heavier and harder wood, without 

 the characteristic "cedar odor," but with a peculiarly sweet or rather faintly 

 aromatic odor. They differ from Thujas also very distinctly in their habit, 

 and particularly in having small spherical cones instead of small, narrow, 

 elongated cones. The seeds of Chaunecyparis, which are without aromatic resin 

 (ells, differ from the seeds of Thujas in form and character. The small, scale- 

 like leaves, which fall from the branches in the third year, are arranged like 

 those of Thujas. The delicate twigs or branchlets are distinctly tiat. like those 

 of Thujas, but are noticeably narrower (finer) ; they are arranged in one plane, 



