FOREST TREES OF THE PACIFIC SLOPE. 289 



slopes of seaward range at I'kiah on Russian River, becoming very abundant south of 

 San Francisco Hay. Common in Trinity and Shasta National Forests at 50(i to L'.ooo feet 

 elevation, on foothills south of Pitt River, on lower Sacramento, Met 'loud, and Trinity 

 rivers, extending eastward in Trinity National Forest from beyond Shasta (town) to 

 point just west of Redding, occurring also at point 18 miles northeast of Redding. 

 Abundant in Stony Creek National Foresl in coast ranges on lowest hills of east slope. 

 In Santa Lucia Mountains, mainly on east slopes in Carmelo, Arroyo Seco, San Antonio, 

 and Nacimiento river basins at 250 to 3,000 feet. San Luis Obispo National Forest, 

 generally distributed in Carriso, Salinas, Santa Margarita, San Luis, Arroyo Crande, 

 and Iluasna river watersheds at 1,000 to 2,500 feet. Santa Barbara National Forest, 

 only in northwestern part ; in Santa Maria and Santa Vin7, river basins, where it grows 

 at elevations of 550 to 4,000 feet. Elsewhere in southern coast ranges, limited to 

 borders of Mohave desert on nortb slopes of northern Sierra Liebre Mountains and in 

 San Fernando Valley at Encino (southern part of San Gabriel National Forest), the 

 southern limit. On west slope of Sierras it occurs very generally and abundantly in 

 foothills at 500 to 3,000 feet, southward throughout that side into valleys of Tehachapi 

 Mountains; common, at north, in Lassen Peak and Plumas National Forests up to 2,000 

 feet. Abundant in Stanislaus National Forest on lowest bills between 300 and 1,500 

 feet, as it is also, up to about 1,000 feet, in the Sierra National Forest. 



OCCURRENCE. 



On low foothills and their valleys : in dry. loamy, gravelly, and rocky soils. Forms 

 extensive, peculiarly open, pure stands, and grows with Wlslizenus oak, California 

 white and live oaks, and Sabine pine. 



Climatic Conditions. — Similar to those of Sabine pine. 



TOLERANCE. — Very intolerant of shade. 



RKPBODDCTION. — Prolific periodic seeder. Seedlings scarce in ground usually grazed or 

 cultivated, where much seed is destroyed or has little chance of germination ; rather 

 abundant elsewhere. 



Alvord Oak. 

 Quercus alvordiana " Eastwood. 



DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTICS. 



So little is known now of the newly found Alvord oak that it is impossible to 

 give an adequate account of its characters. 6 



Said to be a "small tree or shrub" with "small, brittle, and easily falling 

 dentate [toothed] leaves." from the texture of which it is assigned to the white- 

 oak group. The acorn is smooth, except the minutely scaly cup, which has 

 very fine, close, whitish down. Nothing is known of the height, the form of 

 trunk or crown, the wood, or other characters. It appears to be closely related 

 to Q. dumosa, one form of whicb it resembles in its leaves and acorns. Careful 

 field study of this oak is required to establish its characters. 



RANGE. 



Southern California. Described as occurring on "hills near the desert." and further 

 as an "oak in the mountains connecting the Coasl Range with the sierra Nevada at 

 the southern end of the San Joaquin Valley bordering the desert." 



Engelmann Oak. 



Quercus engelmanni (ireene. 



DISTING DISHING < 1 1 A RA< TEE 1 8TN IS. 



Engelmann oak is a little-known tree, called "evergreen white oak" on account 

 of its partly evergreen leaves, which remain on the trees from one spring to the 



"Named in honor of William Alvord, former president of the California Academy of 

 Sciences. 



"Herbarium specimens, kindly sent by Miss Eastwood from a meager supply, are 

 Insufficient for an illustration. 



