FOREST TREES OF THE PACIFIC SLOPE. 329 



when they fall. They germinate shortly afterwards. They are frequently 

 washed down mountain streams, and in this way a dense cover is extended 

 along many narrow gulches, in which, in the otherwise dry foothills, grateful 

 springs are thus maintained. Wood, very heavy when green, moderately heavy 

 when dry, hard, very firm, fine-grained, and rich yellowish-brown, often beauti- 

 fully mottled ; ° the sapwood is very thick. No other of our hardwoods excels 

 it in beautiful grain when finished. It is a most valuable cabinet and finishing 

 wood. Well known for this excellent quality in the rather limited region of 

 commercial supply, where the tree deserves conservative treatment as a timber 

 tree. 



Longevity. — Little is known of the age limits of this tree, which is unques- 

 tionably long-lived. Trees from 20 to 25 inches in diameter are from 1G0 to 210 

 years old; larger trees are known which should prove to be very much older. 



RANGE. 



Southwestern Oregon (South Fork of T'mpqua River, Coos County) and southward in 

 coast ranges and Sierras (from head of Sacramento Valley) to southern border of Cali- 

 fornia. In north, at sea level to 1,500 feet ; in south, 2,000 to 4,000 feet elevation. 



Oregon. — Coast Range and Siskiyous. 



California. — Coast region. Humboldt County: Eastward to Redwood Creek; Redwood 

 Creek to Blue Lake; not in lower Mad River Valley (north of Humboldt Bay) ; south of 

 Humboldt Bay, from Hydesville to Bridgeville, and thence eastward to the Little Van 

 Dusen. Nearest coast, between Ferndale and Bear Valley, and between Capetown and 

 Petrolia; at Briceland, and in Mattole Valley. Mendocino County: Coast region from 

 north part of county southward, in and about edges of redwood forest ; noted near Kenny 

 and southward to West port, Fort Bragg, Mendocino, and Gualala ; common in redwoods 

 between Westport and Canto ; east of Laytonville and between Eel River and Round Val- 

 ley, and east of this on Middle Fork Eel River ; on west side of Mount Sanhedrin, between 

 Hearst and Sawyer, and on Cave Treek and Redwood Hill ; in Redwood Canyon ; south- 

 ward nearly to T'kiah on Russian River and northward over Ridgewood Summit to and 

 beyond Willits : about Mendocino City, between Mendocino and Ukiah, and between head 

 of Big River and Ukiah Valley ; in valley 4 to 5 miles northeast of Ukiah, and at points 

 on Russian River and Coal Creek. Sonoma County: Northeastern part on Big Sulphur 

 or Pluton Creek Canyon slopes from Geysers to Socrates Basin, and eastward over 

 Cobb Mountain Divide into Lake County ; also at point about G miles above Cloverdale 

 in lower part of Big Sulphur Canyon; Russian River Valley north of Cloverdale; 

 road from Hopland to Highland Springs on south side of canyon (which road follows 

 eastward from Russian Valley i ; Russian River Canyon, 2 miles east of Healdsburg, 

 and In canyon between Alexander and Knights valleys ; lower Russian River from For- 

 estville to Guerneville, Monte Rio, and Duncan Mills, and westward nearly to mouth 

 of Russian River ; southward as far as Camp Meeker and Occidental, and eastward 

 to Green Valley (seen here nearly to Sebastopol). Southeastern part of county, on 

 Sonoma Creek, between Sonoma and El Verano, and northward at Glen Ellen and 

 northward to where Sonoma Valley opens on west into Santa Rosa Valley; westward 

 into mountains separating Sonoma Valley from Fetaluma Valley, and eastward In 

 mountains between Sonoma and Napa valleys. "Napa County: North part and south- 

 ward to little below Oakville ; near Calistoga on floor of valley and in gulches; at north 

 end of Napa Valley up south slopes of Mount St. Helena. Marin County: Mount Tamal- 

 pais (tree in canyons and moist basins, and shrub in dense chaparral of upper slopes), 

 especially about Rock Spring (west end of main ridge). In Cataract Canyon (north side), 

 and in Redwood Canyon (south side) : Mill Valley and Sausalito ; Tomales Bay (east and 

 west shores), and in gulch east of Marshall; on west side of Tomales Bay on east and 

 west slopes of Inverness Ridge; in redwoods on Paper Mill Creek, at Lagunitas and San 

 Geronimo Valley, on hills west of San Rafael, and north of San Rafael on steep canyon 

 slopes near Corte Madera Creek. Yolo County: Cache Creek, Capay Valley. Bolano 

 County : Jameson Canyon (in hills between south end of Napa Valley and Suisun), from 

 Green Valley westward. Sutter County: Gulches on north side of Marysville Buttes, and 



" Green and unseasoned logs sink in water, in which lumbermen place them to pro- 

 duce (by soaking) the beautiful "black myrtle" lumber i(Jorman). 



