330 FOREST TREES OF THE PACIFIC SLOPE. 



north slope of North Butte. Colusa County: East slope of Snow Mountain above Fout 

 Springs, and along Stony River to Stony Ford ; Cook Springs, Bear Valley, and hills be- 

 tween Bear Creek and Cortena Creek. Lake County: Blue Lakes to Saratoga Springs and 

 valley about Upper Lake (town) ; east shore of Clear Lake (between Upper Lake and 

 Bartlett Landing), and up on hills into lower edge of pine forest; east side of Bartlett 

 Mountain on spur reaching to edge Bartlett Creek Valley ; about Bartlett Springs ; east 

 end of Sulphur Bank arm of Clear Lake on shore facing Ellem Island ; west side of Clear 

 Lake from old mission near Kelseyville to Soda Bay, and on base slope of Mount Konokti 

 from Soda Bay to Horseshoe Bay ; south of Mount Konokti on west shore of Lower Lake ; 

 west of Clear Lake, near Highland Springs and westward on road to Hopland ; 5 miles 

 south of Kelseyville, and southward to near Middletown, and at point (2,000 feet) about 8 

 miles northwest of latter ; near Adams Springs ; Middletown westward over Cobb Mountain 

 Divide ; on road from Middletown to within 7 miles of Lower Lake, and along St. Helena 

 and Putah creeks from Middletown eastward ; common on St. Helena Creek from edge 

 of Middletown Valley southward and up Mount St. Helena (3,600 feet). Santa Clara 

 County: Coyote Creek near Gilroy Hot Springs ; highest parts of Mount Hamilton and 

 adjacent ridges near Lick Observatory. Alameda County: Canyons of Mission Peak (near 

 Mission San Jose). Contra Costa County: Upper part of Marsh Creek Canyon at east 

 base of Mount Diablo, and Mitchell Canyon ; hills near Martinez, and westward on bay 

 shore. Santa Cruz County: Abundant in most parts of Santa Cruz Mountains, including 

 Boulder Creek Valley ; on railroad from Los Gatos to Fulton Grove of redwoods ; scarce 

 in south part of Santa Cruz hills east of north end of Monterey Bay, and for several miles 

 northwest of Watsonville does not occur at all. Monterey County: Probably absent (or 

 rare) in Monterey-Pacific Grove region ; Santa Lucia Teak to within about 600 feet of 

 summit ; Arroyo Seco Canyon and north of peak in Arroyo Seco Valley above junction of 

 Willow Creek. San Benito County: West side gulch of San Juan Valley and at north base 

 of Fremont Peak. Los Angeles County: Near Alpine Tavern (Mount Lowe) and canyons 

 lower down. Riverside County: Canyons on west side of San Jacinto Mountain. Noted 

 also near Mexican line near summits of (southern limit in) Coast Range. Noted as follows 

 on lower west slope of Sierras: Shasta County: Canyon of Sacramento River (few miles 

 above Redding); lower McCloud River (above and below Baird). Tehama County: 

 About 10 miles east of Payne post-office. Butte County: Westward to a little above Bid- 

 well Bar (1,200 feet) and eastward to near Berry Creek (1,700 feet). Yuba County: 

 Southwest slopes of Oregon Hills, but not west of these nor east of North Yuba Canyon 

 (east of Oregon hills). Placer County: North Fork American River Canyon, near Col- 

 fax; Devils Canyon (between Colfax and Forest Hill) ; east of latter and east of Iowa 

 Hill; on railroad between Dutch Flat and Blue Canyon (at about 4,000 feet). Amador 

 County: Deadmans Creek to Dry Creek (road between Oleta and Volcano) ; between Oleta 

 and Sutter Creek, and above Defender Mine in Mokelumne River Canyon. Calaveras 

 County: Between Mokelumne Hill and West Point. Tuolumne County: Chinese to 

 Crockers, mostly from crossing of South Fork Tuolumne River eastward ; middle fork of 

 latter to about 3,500 elevation ; road from Crockers to Hetch-Hetchy at point between 

 Hog Ranch and Oanyon Meadow; Hetch-Hetchy Valley and south slope (800 feet) and 

 north side (1,500 feet). Mariposa County: On hill above Bull Creek Gulch, between 

 Coulterville and Bower Cave ; near creek directly nortwest of Mariposa, and south of 

 Mariposa in Chowchilla Canyon (at about 2,500 feet) ; abundant on north side of ridge 

 west of Wassama, between latter and Wawona. and between Wawona and Yosemite; 

 Yosemite Valley and Merced River to top of Nevada Fall and into Little Yosemite Valley. 

 Madera County: Fresno Flat and above latter on China Creek ; gulch (2,600 feet) on road 

 from O'Neal to North Fork ; at latter place and on North Fork San Joaquin River Canyon 

 near Kitanna Creek. Fresno County: Gulches of Pine Ridge (north of Kings River), 

 from Sycamore Creek eastward to beyond Rush Creek ; South Fork Kings River, near 

 Converse Basin and between Mill Creek and Badger, thence to Eshom Valley. Tulare 

 County: Badger to about 6 miles of Auckland ; occasional in gulches of Kaweah River Can- 

 yon between Redstone Park and Sequoia National Park ; lower canyon of East Fork 

 Kaweah River from Three Rivers to Mineral King ; east half of Tule Indian Reservation 

 (South Fork Tule River Basin) (southern limit in Sierras). 



OCCURRENCE. 



Borders and vicinity of higher foothill streams, spring-watered gulches, lower mountain 

 slopes and canyons ; in moist gravelly, rocky, or rich humous soil ; constant, abundant soil 

 moisture essential. Forms dense clumps and small patches (as a shrubby tree), or is 

 scattered singly and in groups (as a larger tree) with broadleaf maple, California syca- 

 more, red and white alders, madrona, and tan-bark and canyon live oaks. Largest in south- 

 west Oregon and adjacent California ; smaller elsewhere, especially in Sierras. 



Climatic Conditions. — Similar to those of red and white alders. 



