FOREST TREES OF THE PACIFIC SLOPE. 361 



which cut the cherries from the brandies and store them, thus also effecting 

 considerable distribution and unintentional planting. Wood, exceedingly heavy, 

 dense, fine-grained, tough, pale brown tinged. with red. has only a very thill 

 layer of sapwood. The heartwood is handsome and suitable for small orna- 

 mental woodwork, but not known to be used. A useful chaparral on sleep, dry 

 slopes. 



Longevity. — Not fully determined. From records, however, of Ires planted 

 in southern California nearly a century ago. and now 10 to VI inches in 

 diameter, it is estimated that this Cherry may attain at least Khi years and 

 still be growing. Its early growth in height in moist, rich soils is surprisingly 

 rapid. A forest-grown tree (i§ inches in diameter showed an age of 56 years. 



A very distinct variety of this species, Prunus ilicifolia integrifolia a Sud- 

 wortb, inhabits California mainland and coast islands (off Santa Barbara), 

 especially Santa Catalina, and also San Julio Canyon. Lower California. It dif- 

 fers from the species in having entire or, rarely, spiny margined leaves (fig. 

 169), longer flower clusters, and larger, more fleshy fruit. It becomes a small 

 free also, but its wood appears to be of considerably lighter weight than that 

 of the species. It may possibly prove to be a distinct species. 



RANGE. 



California (from San Francisco Bay through the coast ranges, also on western slopes 

 of San Bernardino Mountains and on Santa Cruz and Santa Rosa islands) tc Lower 

 California (San Julio Canyon). 



OCCURRENCE. 



Low mountain and high foothill slopes and plains, canyon sides and bottoms ; in 

 dry, rocky or gravelly soils (shrubby), but preferring moist sandy soil (largest). Forms 

 clumps and small patches mingled with chaparral brush (species of Vcanothus, Rhus 

 laurina, A', ovata, Quercus dumosa, Arctostaphylos, Adenostomo, Yucca). 



Climatic Conditions. — Similar to those of big-cone spruce. 



Tolerance. — Very tolerant of shade. 



REPRODUCTION. — Abundant periodic seeder. Seedlings most frequent in moist bottoms 

 of gulches and canyons where seed is covered by litter and washed soil. Less abundant 

 and scattered on dry slopes, where seed lodged in pockets or buried by rodents affords 

 reproduction. 



OCCURRENCE. 



Prunus ilicifolia Integrifolia. — Similar to hollyleaf cherry. Silvical and climatic 

 requirements undetermined : probably very like those of latter tree, but notably less 

 aggressive. Requires further study. 



Family LEGUMINOS^. 



A very large family, containing such well-known trees and shrubs as locusts, 

 acacias or " mimosa-trees," as well as a vast number of herbaceous plants, 

 such as beans, peas, and clovers, which comprise some of the most important 

 food and forage plants in the world. The trees supply heavy, strong, durable 

 woods of excellent commercial qualities, while a number of them are notable 

 because they produce mature timber in a remarkably few years. They are. 

 therefore, important forest trees, particularly for artificial planting. 



According to the structure of their flowers and fruits they are technically 

 divided into several subfamilies. As popularly characterized here, however, 

 they can usually be recognized by the compound form of their leaves (simple 



" Miss Alice Eastwood has proposed for tbis variety, which she holds to be a species, 

 the name "Prunus Lyoni n. nom " (Handbook of the Trees of California, ~>l 1905), 

 citing as a synonym "Prunus integrifolia Sargent," a name which, by the common law 

 of priority, must stand in place of Miss Eastwood's Prunus lyoni, should tbis variety !»• 

 raised to the rank of a Bpecles. Lyon originally referred specimens of this tree to P. 

 oocidentalis Bwartz, which was later shown to !»■ a different species, leaving the Califor- 

 nia tree without a name. The writer regrets exceedingly now that in naming this 

 cherry (Card & For., IV, 51, 1891) he did not dedicate it to Mr. Lyon, who first brought 

 the tree to light. 



