FOREST TREES OF THE PACIFIC SLOPE. 389 



rey Peninsula, but in Santa Lucia Mountains, at 800 to 4,200 feet, noted on coast slope 

 in watershed of Sur River ; at head of Arroyo Seco west of Santa Lucia Peak and above 

 junction of Willow Creek, and in watersheds of Carmelo, San Antonio and Nacimiento 

 Rivers; San Luis Obispo National Forest at 250 to 2,000 feet, in watersheds of Santa 

 Margarita, San Luis, Arroyo Grande, and Huasna rivers. Northern Sierras not reported 

 in Lassen Teak National Forest. Butte County: Noted Chico Creek eastward from Chico. 

 Plumas Count!/: Fast to American Valley near Quiney, Spanish Peak ridge (up to 5,400 

 feet on west and southwest slopes), and Mohawk on Upper Feather River, sierra County: 

 East in north Yuba canyon to Sierra City and some distance up North Fork of 

 North Yuba, and to a canyon between Goodyear and Mountain House. Yuba County com- 

 mon throughout yellow pine belt west to Oregon Hills and Bobbins. Placer Count)/: 

 Noted in canyon North Fork American River, near Cape Horn at Blue < anyon, Colfax, 

 Forest Hill, between Iowa and Forks House, Devils Canyon, between Forest Hill and 

 Colfax. Eldorado County:. Noted near Flacerville. Amador county: Noted at Pine 

 Grove, from Oleta southeast to Deadmans Creek, on road to Volcano and south to Dry 

 Creek Canyon and ridge north of Volcano. Stanislaus National Forest in general at 

 2,000 to 4,500 feet Calaveras County: East to West Point, Railroad Flat, Mountain 

 Ranch, between Bigtrees and Murphy, at 2,100 to 3,800 feet, and Murphy, west to 5 

 miles south of San Andreas on Calaveras River, also noted Mokelnmne Canyon, between 

 West Point and Defender, and on North Fork Calaveras, between Mountain Ranch and 

 Mokelumne Hill. Tuolumne County: Noted between Big Oak Flat and Crockers and be- 

 tween Big Creek and South Fork Tuolumne. Mariposa County: Noted near Bower Cave 

 and on Bull Creek between Bower Cave and Coulterville, Yosemite Valley up to Nevada 

 and Yosemite Falls (5,600 feet), and from Yosemite to Wassama. Fresno County: Noted 

 in canyons of Kings and Middle Fork Kings Hiver, Dinky Creek, and at mouth of Bubbs 

 Creek. Tulare County: Noted in lower part Sequoia National Park and in upper Kaweah 

 canyon (southern limit in Sierras). Southern cross ranges: Noted in Tejon Mountains; 

 Santa Barbara National' Forest, in watersheds of Santa Maria, Santa Ynez, Santa Bar- 

 bara and Matilija rivers at 200 to 4,280 feet, noted in Cooper Canyon 12 miles west of 

 Santa Barbara, upper Cherry Creek, Upper North Fork Matilija and main Matilija, and 

 Zaca Lake and vicinity ; San Gabriel National Forest canyons of south side between 3,000 

 and 6,000 feet, noted near Los Angeles and Pasadena, Mount Lowe at 5,100 feet, Santa 

 Anita Canyon at 3,200 feet, canyon West Fork San Gabriel River at 2,500 to 3,000 feet 

 (Santa Ana County), upper parts of canyons; San Bernardino Mountains, canyons of 

 south and west sides ; noted in canyon Santa Ana River and on Hemlock, Bear, and 

 Keller creeks. 



OCCUBEENCE. 



Borders of foothill and low mountain streams and in alluvial river bottoms (here 

 largest i ; in moist, gravelly, and rich humous soils. Best growth in Oregon and Wash- 

 ington coast region. P^orms practically pure dense stands over large areas, but often with 

 California laurel and lowland fir. 



Climatic Conditions. — Similar to those of Douglas fir (in Pacific range). 



Tolehance. — Endures a good deal of shade during early life. Requires top light for 

 best growth ; dense side shade produces long, clear trunks. 



Reproduction. — Seeds very abundantly in the open ; much less in close stands. Seed- 

 lings fairly frenuent on rocky streams, but plentiful on rich bottoms. 



Vine Maple. 



Acer circinatum Pursh. 



DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTICS. 



Vino maple is so called because of the often sprawling, crooked vine-like ap- 

 pearance and habit «>f its slender, weak stems. The branches occasionally root 

 where they touch the ground, and are covered with moss <>r leaf mold. It rarely 

 stands erect with a straight trunk. Trunks usually from 15 to 20 feet high and 

 from ,'i to 6 inches thick. Often shrub-like. At best, in moist, rich bottoms and 

 mountain Hats, from 25 to 30 feet high and from 8 to 10 inches through. The 

 largest trunks are slightly seamed near the base, but elsewhere the bark is 

 smooth, thin, and dull grayish brown, tinged with red. The crowns are irregular, 

 open, with slender, crooked or crumpled limbs and twigs. The shapeless form of 

 this tree is probably due to its growth mainly under dense shade, of which it is 

 extremely tolerant, where it can produce only long, weak stems, which, annually 



