IVY—JAR. 131 
Jack Merimn: The male of the MERLIN in falconry (see 
Widack:’?). 
Jack NickER, JAcK-A-NioKas, or NickER Nocker : The GOLD- 
FINCH. (Cheshire.) The first name is also found in 
Northants and Shropshire. 
JACK PLoveR: The DUNLIN. (North Riding, Yorkshire.) 
Jacksaw: The GREAT TITMOUSE. So called from its note 
in many parts of Scotland (Gray). It is also applied 
on the Yorkshire coast to the GOOSANDER, on account of 
its saw-like bill. 
JACK SNIPE [No. 410] lit. boy or half snipe. So called from 
its being a miniature of the COMMON SNIPE. The name 
occurs in Merrett (1667), also in Willughby, who calls the 
species the “‘Gid or Jack-Snipe, or Judcock,” and says 
he “thought it not to differ from the Snipe in kind, but 
only in sex, taking it to be the Cock-Snipe. But afterwards 
being advised by Mr. M. Lister, I found it to differ specific- 
ally : for dissecting several of these small ones some proved 
to be males, some females.”” Swainson says the same be- 
lief is still held in Ireland, the JACK SNIPE being believed 
to be the male and the COMMON SNIPE the female, on 
which account it is called Jill Snipe. At Longdendale, 
Cheshire, the name “ Jack Snipe” is also applied to the 
COMMON SANDPIPER, and in the Shetland Isles to the 
DUNLIN. 
JACK-SQUEALER: The SWIFT. (Upton-on-Severn.) 
JACK-sTRAW: The WHITETHROAT (Shropshire); the 
BLACKCAP (Somerset). In reference to the materials 
of which the nest is composed. 
Jacos. A name for the STARLING. (Near Beverley, York- 
shire.) 
JADREKA SNIPE: The BLACK-TAILED GODWIT. (Pennant, 
Latham, Lewin, Montagu, etc.) 
JAGER: The GREAT SKUA. 
JAN-CHocHaiL. A Gaelic name for the LONG-TAILED 
DUCK. (Hebrides.) From its plaintive cry. 
JAR-BIRD: The NUTHATCH. (Hett.) 
JAR-oWL: The NIGHTJAR. (Provincial.) From its jarring 
note and nocturnal habits. 
JAR-PEG: The GREEN WOODPECKER. _ (Northants.) 
Baker says it is ‘‘ because it stands on an old stump and 
strikes with its beak on a hard knot or peg, so that the 
jar is heard at a great distance.” 
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