NUTHATCH—OTTERLING. 171 
ORANGE-LEGGED Hopspy: The RED-FOOTED FALCON. 
(Selby.) 
ORPHEAN WARBLER [No. 144]. The name arises from 
Temminck’s name for the species (Sylvia orphea) referring 
to its song. It is found in Gould and also Yarrell 
(“ Supp.,” m, 1856) as “ Orpheus Warbler.” 
ORTOLAN BUNTING [No. 48]. From Fr. Ortolan; in Old 
Fr. Hortolan. It occurs first in Albin (1738) as Hortulon 
or Hortulane, and as Ortolan Bunting in Pennant 
(“Arctic Zoology”) and Latham. It is also the Green- 
headed Bunting of Latham, Brown, Lewin, and Montagu. 
OSPREY [No. 253]. The word “ Osprey ” occurs in Turner 
(1544), who derives it from Aristotle and gives an accurate 
account of its habits; and it also occurs in Aldrovandus 
(p. 191) as the English name of the bird. Willughby and 
other old authors confuse it with the “Sea-Eagle” or 
immature WHITE-TAILED EAGLE, Willughby’s “ Os- 
prey” being the latter species, while his “ Baldbusardus 
anglorum” is the Osprey. From Lat. ossifragus, the 
Sea-Eagle or Osprey—lit. bone-breaker—from the bird’s 
reputed strength and habits. In Holland’s translation 
of Pliny it occurs both as ospreie and orfraie, the latter 
being synonymous with Old Fr. orfraye, as in Cotgrave. 
In Shakespeare, where the bird is named twice, it occurs as 
aspray in the old texts, but is rendered osprey in modern 
editions. In “ Coriolanus”’ (act Iv, sc. 7) we get an admir- 
able simile of the Osprey’s pre-eminence as a fisher :— 
. . . He'll be to Rome 
As is the Osprey to the fish, who takes it 
By sovereignty of nature. 
Indeed, the bird’s powers in this direction were so extra- 
ordinary as to lead to the belief that it possessed the 
fabulous power of fascinating the fish. Peele in 1594 
(‘‘ Battle of Alcazar,” act 1, sc. 1) alludes to this :— 
I will provide thee of a princely Osprey, 
That, as he flieth over fish in pools, 
The fish shall turn their glistering bellies up, 
And thou shalt take thy liberal choice of all. 
Turner also says that “‘ When the Osprey hovers in the air 
whatever fishes be below turn up and show their whitish 
bellies.”” As regards the then abundance of the species he 
says that “‘ the Osprey is a bird much better known to-day 
to Englishmen than many who keep fish in stews would 
wish : for within a short time it bears off every fish.” 
Orrertinc. A name for the COMMON SANDPIPER. (Hett.) 
