224 DICTIONARY OF NAMES OF BRITISH BIRDS. 
SPOONBILL or Spoon-BEAK: The SHOVELER. (Norfolk.) 
Coward and Oldham give Spoonbill as a local Cheshire 
name. 
SPoONBILL Duck: The SCAUP-DUCK. (East Lothian.) 
SPOTTED CRAKE [No. 455}. The name is found in Yarrell 
(Ist ed.). It occurs as the Small Spotted Water Hen in 
Pennant (fo. ed. 1766), and as Spotted Gallinule in the 
later editions. It is the ‘‘ Wyn-kernel” of Willughby. 
Bewick calls it the Water Crake, and it is also known as 
“Spotted Rail” or “Lesser Spotted Water Rail.” The 
names are derived from the small white spots sprinkled over 
the plumage. 
Spotrep Duck: The HARLEQUIN-DUCK. (Hett.) 
SPOTTED EAGLE [No. 241]. This form (A. maculatus) occurs 
under the name of ‘‘ Spotted Eagle ” in Latham’s “Synopsis” 
(1, p. 13). It is sometimes called the Larger Spotted Eagle. 
The name “spotted” arises from the buffish spots on the 
plumage of the immature bird. The closely allied Lesser 
Spotted Eagle does not appear to have occurred in the 
British Islands. 
SpotreD Fatcon: The PEREGRINE FALCON. Occurs in 
Montagu. Spotted-winged Falcon is a name for the same 
species found in Latham. 
SPOTTED FLYCATCHER [No. 114]. The name Spotted 
Flycatcher is first given by Pennant (1776) to this species ; 
the word Flycatcher, as an Anglicization of Muscicapa 
dates back, however, to Ray. The name “spotted” 
originates in the numerous striations on head and under- 
parts, giving it a spotted appearance. 
Sporrep GuILLEMOoT: The BLACK GUILLEMOT (winter). 
SpoTtreD Heron: The immature NIGHT-HERON. (Latham.) 
SPOTTED REDSHANK [No. 395]. The name appears to 
occur firstin Pennant’s “ British Zoology ” (8voed., No. 186) ; 
in the folio edition he calls it Spotted Sandpiper. It is the 
Spotted Snipe of Latham and Lewin, and the Dusky Sand- 
piper of Selby. The names are derived from the general 
spotted appearance of the plumage. 
SPOTTED SANDPIPER [No. 388]. The name is found in 
Pennant and succeeding authors to Yarrell, and originates 
in the blackish spots on the under-parts, especially the 
breast. 
Sporrep Sxitty: The SPOTTED CRAKE.  (Devonshire.) 
Skitty is from skit=to slide: from its stealthy habits. 
