NAT 
ars) 
URE | Fune 24, 1dd6 
For the four satellites these observations yielded for the vertical 
diameters at mean distance the following angular dimensions :— 
era + __ 19076) =E 03360) 
Me B53 «. 1°281 + 0°392 
III. 1°725 + 0°436 
IV. 1°286 + 0°447 
—Note on the herpolhodie (second communication), by M. 
Hess.—On the measurement of the specific volume of the 
saturated vapours, and on the value of the mechanical equiva- 
lent of heat, by M. A. Perot. Reversing the well-known pro- 
cess of Messrs. Fairbairn and Tait for determining the volume 
of a known mass of saturated vapour at a given temperature, 
the author finds the number expressing the mechanical equiva- 
lent of heat to be about 424.—Note on a registering hygrometer, 
by M. Alb. Nodon. This instrument, which is constructed on 
a principle analogous to that of Breguet’s metallic thermometer, 
is contrived to work for ten consecutive days. Its indications 
are unaffected by a temperature ranging from 10° to 35° C.—Law 
determining the electric conductivity of saline solutions of mean 
concentration, by M. E. Bouty.—Relation between the coefficient 
of self-induction and the magnetic action of an electro-magnet, 
by M. Ledeboer.—New magnetic maps of France, by M. Th. 
Moureaux. The observations, which have served as the ground- 
work of these charts, were mostly made during the years 1884 
and 1885 under the direction of M. Mascart, at seventy-eight 
stations in every part of France, the results being all referred to 
January 1, 1885, by comparison with the curves of variation as 
determined with the magnetograph at the Observatory of the 
Pare Saint-Maur. From these observations the declination is 
shown to be least at Belfort (13° 59'°8), greatest at Conquet 
(19° 25/"1), varying in the north of France about 30’ for a degree 
of longitude, and less in the south.—Summer isobars, winds, 
and cloudiness on the Atlantic, by M. L. Teisserenc de Bort. 
The maps embodying these data are based on the records of 
English and Dutch vessels, comprising 40,9co observations for 
each element, and on a report on the equatorial region pub- 
in Brazil, by M. Cruls. Although traces of ancient volcanoes 
and more recent eruptive formations have been detected on the 
seaboard of Rio de Janeiro, the author considers that this seismic 
disturbance was not volcanic, but due to shrinking or some analo- 
gous movement of frequent occurrence in the crust of the earth. 
—Reply to some objections made to the memoir on micro- 
seismic observations, by M. T. Bertellii—On the penta-sulphuret 
of phosphorus, by M. F. Isambert.—On the principle of 
equivalence in the phenomena of chemical equilibria, by M. H. 
Le Chatelier. The experimental law serving as the base of pure 
mechanics—two forces equal to a third are equal to each other, 
and reciprocally—is true also of chemical equilibria. But 
in order to eliminate the equivocal notion of force, the 
author substitutes for it another thus formulated: in every 
phenomenon of equilibrium two material systems  equi- 
valent in relation to a third will also remain equivalent 
in relation to any other system to which they may be opposed, 
and they are in mutual equilibrium when opposed to each other. 
This law is here verified in the case of vaporisation, dissociation, 
solubility, and under other conditions.—On monosodic ortho- 
phosphate and arseniate, by MM. A. Joly and H. Dufet.—On 
a combination of methylic alcohol and anhydrous baryta, by M. 
de Forcrand.—On the monochloracetate of butyl, by M. G. 
Gehring. In order to complete the series of monochloracetates, 
the author has prepared, and determined some of the physical 
properties of, this substance, adopting the same general method 
as that employed in the preparation of the menochloracetate of 
methyl.—On the development of the cesophagus, by M. P. de 
Meuron.—On the vascular system of Dovocidaris papillata, by 
M. H. Prouho.—On the crystals of gypsum in the pseudo- 
potters’ clays of the Paris district, by M. Stan. Meunier.—Pre- 
liminary note on the geological structure of the Lure range, 
Lower Alps, by M. W. Kilian. This range, which runs for 
50 kilometres from the neighbourhood of Vilhosc to Monbrun 
(Vaucluse), appears to be intermediate between the Alpine and 
Pyrenean systems. A summary is given of its geological con- 
stituents, ranging from the Middle and Upper “Jurassic to the 
Tertiary conglomerates and marls.—On the male fertilisations 
of Arthropitus and Bornia, by M. Renault.—A contribution to 
the sragy of pre-foliation and pre-efflorescence in fossil plants, 
by M. L. Crié.—Kemarks on a meteor observed at the Troca- 
déro on June 13, by M. L. Jaubert. 
STOCKHOLM 
Academy of Sciences, June 9.—On the Academy’s Zoo- 
logical Station in the province of Bohus, by Prof. Sven Loven. 
—On the resistance of mixtures of acids against electrical con- 
ductibility, by Dr. S. Arrhenius. —A collection of ethnographical 
objects of Central American Indians, presented to the National 
Museum by the Swedish Consul- General in Guatemala, Mr. 
S. Ascoli, exhibited and explained by Prof. F. A. Smith. 
—On the new elementary body germanium, and some of its 
combinations, by Prof, L. Fr. Nilsson. The researches of 
Profs. Nilsson and Petterson, made at the request of Prof. 
Winkler, the discoverer of germanium, show that his suggestion 
that germanium might possibly be identical with Mendelejeff’s 
ekasilicium is quite correct, and in accordance with the true 
facts.—Methods for the determination of elements of refraction 
in prisms having great refracting angles, by Mr. W. Ramsay.— 
On the mode of occurrence of the sand-worn stones in the Cam- 
brian strata at Lugnds, in Sweden, by Prof. A. G. Nathorst. 
BOOKS AND PAMPHLETS RECEIVED 
““The First Report upon the Fauna of Liverpool Bay and the Neigh 
bouring Seas,” Edited by Prof. Herdman (Longmans).—‘‘ L’Inclinaison 
des Vents” R. P. Mare Dechevrens (Chang Hai).—“ Die Alchemie in 
Alterer und Neuerer Zeit,” Erster und Zweiter Theil, by H. Kopp 
(Winter, Heidelberg).—‘‘ An Elementary Treatise on Geometrical Optics,’” 
2nd edition, revised, by W. S. Aldis (Deighton, Bell, and Co.).—** Records 
of the Saidapet Experimental Farm,” by Chas. Benson (Keys, Madras).— 
““ New Commercial Plants and Drugs,’’ No. 9, by T. Christy (Christy).— 
‘* Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History,” Vol. TF 
Art. V. ‘Studies from the Contagious Diseases of Insects,” by S. 
Forbes (Franks, Peoria).—‘‘ Cornell University : Proceedings in Ntetiees 
of Louis Agassiz and in Honour of Hiram Sibley, June 17, 1885.” 
CONTENTS PAGE 
Mr. Minchin’s Treatise on Statics. By Major Allan 
Cunningham, R.E.. . *) (6) 0 gig agate em 
The Cruise ofthe Bacchante”...... 7) 166 
Our Book Shelf :— 
Hurndall’s ‘‘ Dogs in Health and Disease, as Typified 
by the Greyhound” ; and Ashmont’s ‘‘ Dogs : their 
Management and Treatment in Disease” . . 167 
Taylor’s ‘‘ Our Island-Continent : a Naturalist’s Holi- 
day in Australia” . Amer el) 
Willson’s ‘* Handy Guide to Norway ” oie 168 
Barrow’s “Mountain Ascents in Westmoreland and 
Cumberland” . 168 
Moxly’s ‘* Account of a West Indian Sanatorium, and 
a Guideito:Barbados'? <s.5. f(s © % mile lets 
Letters to the Editor :— 
Fishermen’s Foul Water.—W.H. Shrubsole .. 168 
Solar Halo,—Commander T. H. Tizard. (L//us- 
TEGLEL) aoe so tet, see eee 
Ampére’s Rule.—G. Daehne . . 168 
The A.O.U. Code and Check- List of American 
Birds. By R. Bowdler Sharpe . . 168 
Professor Newcomb’s Determination of the Velocity 
of Light. By Miss A. M. Clerke. (//ustrated) . 170 
Notes ii c.catas bsenic kee ake emee eee 
Our Astronomical Column :— 
The Absorption Spectrum of pee Merion os ie 
Potsdam Observatory. . . Rome as fe 
The Binary Star y Corone Australis | |. ovis eee 
Observations of the Companion of Sirius ..... 176 
Astronomical Phenomena for the Week 1886 
June 27—July3 . 176 
Second Annual Report ‘of the’ Council of the 
Marine Biological Association of the United 
Kingdom .. Becroln to ty? 
Memorandum Relating to the “Mode. in which 
Scientific Knowledge can be made Useful to 
English Fisheries . . . 0 179 
On New Applications of the Mechanical Properties 
of Cork to the Arts. By William Anderson 181 
Note on the Rudimentary Gills, &c , of the Common 
Limpet (fatella vulgata). By Te R. Ainsworth 
Davis. (L/lustrated). . Miche 6 SS, 
University and Educational Intelligence feces 
Scientific|Sertalsi.) Sajou stewie mtaisoi oie =iirovatcd orc 
Societies andjAcademies py m-ac ie ni-u eillemee 
Books anil Pamphlets Rectived- 342 ds nen ane 
ore ~ 
