352 
NATURE 
Murray, H. C. G. Brandt, Sidney Lanier (too early lost), Profs. 
W. W. Goodwin, J. A. Harrison, J. Rendel Harris, Hiram 
Corson, A. S. Cook, Messrs. George W. Cable, Edmund 
Gosse, Justin Winsor, A. Melville Bell, Drs. Isaac H. Hall, 
and W. Hayes Ward; in [listory and Political Science, Profs. 
T. M. Cooley, F. A. Walker, W. F. Allen, the lamented J. L. 
Diman, H. von Holst, Austin Scott, James Bryce, E. A. Free- 
man (who gave six lectures and imparted a decided impulse to 
historical study here), R. M. Venable, Messrs. J. J. Knox and 
Eugene Schuyler; in Archeology and Art, Messrs. W. W. 
Story, F. Seymour Haden, J. Thacher Clarke, W. J. Stillman, 
Dr. Charles Waldstein, and Mr. Frederick Wedmore ; in 
Philosophy and Logic, Profs. William James, G. S. Morris, 
Mr. C. 5S. Pierce, and Dr. Josiah Royce; in Physical and 
Mathematical Science, Profs. J. E. Hilgard, J. Willard Gibbs, 
John Trowbridge, A. Graham Bell, S. P. Langley, Arthur 
Cayley, C. S. Hastings, and Sir William Thomson; in 
Chemistry and Biology, Profs. J. W. Mallet, W. G. Farlow, 
J. McCrady, W. T. Sedgwick, H. Sewall, and W. Trelease. 
“At our commencements, anniversaries, and other gatherings, 
we have heard from Presidents Eliot and White, from Dean 
Stanley, Dean Howson, Prof. Huxley, Archdeacon Farrar, 
Chief Justice Waite, Hon. W. M. Evarts, Dr. W. A. P. Martin, 
Dr. W. B. Carpenter, Hon. S. T. Wallis, J. B. Braithwaite, 
and others. 
‘* Many of these have been listened to by thos: not members 
of the University who were specially interested in their subjects, 
and it may be fairly said that many eminent and great teachers 
have bzen both for long and short periods attracted to the 
University. 
“* What University Courses are here offered, and what Graduate 
Students have been attracted ?—The courses of University studies 
that have been pursued have been so often and so fully referred 
to in the reports and circulars of the University, that I can only 
enumerate those in higher mathematics, in physics, in che- 
mistry, in mineralogy and petrography, in biology ; in Greek, in 
Latin, in Sanskrit, in Hebrew, in Aramean, in Arabic, in 
Assyrian, and in Sumero-Akkadian; in English, in German, 
in the Romance group of languages, including French, old and 
modern, Wallachian, Italian, Spanish, Catalan, old Provencal, 
modern Provengal, and Portuguese ; in history, ancient and 
modern, in political economy, physical and historical geography ; 
in psychology, pedagogics and philosophy, in mental hygiene 
and ethics. In these studies advanced instruction has been given 
by all available means, such as lecture , laboratory practice, 
seminary work, books, models, and plates, in order to fit those 
who are preparing for teaching or special research. 
“That these courses have succeeded in attracting students of 
mature age is evident fron the fact that out of the total number 
of students (923) enrolled during the decade, 590 have pursued 
graduate courses, and these 590 came from more than 100 differ- 
on Univer-ities and Colleges as widely separated as Russia and 
apan. 
“What Apparatus and Appliances have been gathered together ? 
—To aid in the instruction given, the trustees have from the 
first had in view securing the most convenient and free access to 
the most modern means of promoting research. They were 
greatly aided by the existence in Baltimore of a library of un- 
usual value to students—the gift of the late George Peabody, 
and brought together with much care and diligence by the trus- 
tees, the provost, and the librarian of the Peabody Institute— 
and which has been liberally opened to members of the Uni- 
versity. As a supplement to the Peabody collections the 
University has placed within its own walls 29,000 volumes—a 
portion of which are standard reference-books needed by all the 
teachers and students ; the remainder are special and often costly 
books which have been called for by the specialists here engaged 
in work. 
“ The plans of the University being at first, from the nature of 
the case, tentative, the work was begun in two dwellinz-houses 
purchased in 1875, on Howard Street, near Monument Street, 
and in a hall erected at the time, and named after the founder, 
which contained an assembly-room and accommodations for the 
library and for the biological laboratory, and in a chemical 
laboratory built at the same time, and this was for some time 
the modest seat of the University. The location was found 
more convenient than had been foreseen, both for students who 
lived in the city and for those that came from elsewhere, who 
readily found accommodation in lodgings suited to their taste and 
means. Easy access was had to the Peabody and other collec- 
[| Adugust 12, 1886 
tions of books, as those of the Historical Society, and later of 
the Pratt Library, and there have gradually grown around the 
present site complete and well-equipped laboratories. The 
chemical laboratory has been greatly enlarged and perfected. 
The biological laboratory adjoining has been erected after plans 
suggested by years of work and by comparison with foreign insti- 
tutions of a similar kind, and there is now building near by the 
physical laboratory, of which Prof. Rowland has been speaking 
to you to-day. Laboratory work in pathology has been begun 
in one of the buildings of the Johns Hopkins Hospital, and it is 
intended to erect the Medical School on a lot now owned by the 
University, adjacent to the hospital. 
“Into these various buildings have been gathered, at the 
suggestion and under the careful personal supervision of various 
experts, about 70,000 dols. worth of apparatus of the most ap- 
proved modern make, thus placing within the reach of inyesti- 
gators the means of pursuing advanced research, as well as 
enabling students to become familiar by personal use with the 
newest methods of study and experiment. 
“What Research ts carried on, and what has been published ? 
—The researches which have been made have been many and 
varied. I cannot refer to the more technical, such as those in 
mathematics and inorganic chemistry, &c., but briefly to the 
more easily stated. 
“Our knowledge of the nature of the sun, as perceived 
through the solar spectrum, has received accessions from the 
beautiful image thrown from the gratings first made here by the 
agency of a wonderful dividing-engine, the invention of the 
Professor of Physics. From this image a map of the spectrum 
has been published, very much more minute than any before 
made. 
“Researches in electricity and magnetism have been made 
under the auspices of the United States Government, with the 
co-operation of other nations ; the mechanical equivalent of heat 
has been redetermined ; investigations have been conducted in - 
physiology, especially of the heart’s action ; lower animal life 
has been studied, especially that of the oyster in connection with 
the State of Maryland; both here and in Boston the cause of 
water pollution in great reservoirs has been discovered; the 
curious geological formation of our own neighbourhood has been 
brought to notice and has attracted wide attention. The philo- 
logians and grammarians have been engaged in the investigation 
of Greek and Latin syntax ; in editing ancient writings, such as 
Pindar, the newly discovered Greek MSS. of the Teaching of 
| the Twelve Apostles, and part of an old Syriac MS. of the New 
Testament. Baltimore is now one of the centres for the inter- 
pretation of Sanskrit texts and of Assyrian inscriptions. A great 
contribution has been made to the study of American Institu- | 
tions, and new methods of historical research and of publication 
have been initiated. 
“«Tt is with satisfaction that I state that these researches have 
been widely recognised at home and abroad, not as promises for 
the future, but as successful experiments recorded, and con- 
clusions reached which have passed into the history of science. 
By means of them the fame of the University has been carried 
into every seat of learning in the world, from Oxford and Cam- 
bridge in England, to Tokio, Japan; from the northern and 
more modern Universities of Sweden and Russia to the ancient 
seats of learning in Italy and Southern Europe. The exchanges 
on the shelves of our library, received with almost every foreign 
mail in return for the six scientific journals published by the 
University,! attest both its importance and its estimation outside 
its own walls. Besides this, personal and unsolicited testimonials 
from eminent men are on file in the office which have been 
received from many quarters. 
““ These researches, delicate, prolonged, and important, and 
others not now mentioned, have been made by Professors, 
Fellows, and advanced students. Indeed the whole plan of 
Fellowships has in reality been a most practical and efficient 
endowment of research, and has richly repaid the University 
and the community in the importance and value of the results 
obtained. 
““Twenty young men who have not quite completed their 
* (1) The ‘* American Journal of Mathematics,’” commenced in 1878, now 
in its eighth volume ; (2) the ‘‘ American Chemical Journal,’? commenced in 
1879, now in its eighth volume ; (3) the ‘‘American Journal of Philology,” 
commenced in 1880, now in its seventh volume ; (4) ‘Studies from the Bio- 
logical Laboratory.”” commenced in 1879, now in its third volume; (5) 
“ Studies in Historical and Political Science,’’ begun in 1882, of which 
the fourth series is in progress; (6) the ‘‘ Johns Hopkins University Cir- 
culars,’’ begun in 1879, of which forty-nine numbers have been issued. 
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