re 
NAP L: 
437 
EUR S DAY. SE Ral BER: 1886 
9; 
EE SEE Se aN 01 TLON, 
OTHING could have exceeded the magnificent 
manner in which the authorities of Grenada, and 
chiefly His Excellency Governor Sendall, and the com- 
manders of the ships detailed to assist the Expedition— 
Her Majesty’s ships Pantome, Bullfrog, and Sparrow- 
hawk—have met the wishes of, and lent assistance to, the 
Expedition. 
As a consequence, at this time of writing (August 20) 
all the observers, with the exception of the Chief of the 
Expedition, are at their posts, with huts and instruments 
erected, and as much skilled assistance as they can pos- 
sibly desire. The stations actually occupied so far are 
as follows :— 
(1) Garriacou. Rev. S. J. Perry and Mr. Maunder. 
This party has the Bud/frog, two officers of which will 
assist, as well as Lieut. Helby of the Sparrowhawk. 
(2) Boulogne. Prof. Tacchini and Mr. Turner. Lieut. 
Smith, of the Sparrowhawk, and a petty officer and 
skilled artificer, assist this party. 
(3) Hog Island. Prof. Thorpe. The Fantéme is 
anchored near the observing-station, and Prof. Thorpe 
will have the assistance of the officers. 
(4) Prickly Point. Capt. Darwin and Dr. Schuster. 
One or two officers of the “antéme, and Capt. Maling, the 
Colonial Secretary, assist this party. 
The fifth station, to be eventually occupied by Mr. 
Lockyer, is at Green Island, at the north-east corner 
of Grenada. 
Beresford (the Clerk of the Council), the Chief of the 
Police, Mr. Wright, and Dr. Boyd will assist him. 
The parties at Boulogne, Prickly Point, and Green 
Island occupy houses which have been placed at the 
disposal of the Expedition by Col. Duncan, Mr. Chad- 
wick (the Treasurer of the Island), and Mr. Belton 
respectively ; nothing can exceed the kindness which the 
Expedition has received, and the assistance rendered has 
been so effectual, that so far everything has gone without 
a hitch. The labours of the Governor in the cause of the 
Expedition have been unceasing; he planned a hut and 
sent a model to Barbados, and when it was approved (by 
telegraph) he had four ready awaiting the arrival of the 
parties, which were thus enabled to proceed at once to 
their stations. 
The weather chances are doubtful, but certainly they 
have improved since the arrival ot the Expedition. The 
observations of the local cloud conditions have been so 
continuous lately, not only by the observers themselves, 
but by many at the request of the Governor before the 
arrival of the Expedition, that there is no question that 
the best stations are occupied, and it is a matter of 
general satisfaction that Carriacou has been added to the 
line of stations. The local idea is that the hurricane 
which passed over St. Vincent—and so nearly over 
Grenada !—last Monday has cleared the air, as it has 
been noticed that spells of fine weather generally follow 
them. 
The Fantéme comes in on Sunday to convey the Green 
Island party to their station ; although this will leave very 
VOL. XXXIV.—NO, 880 
Capt. Oldham, of the Sparrowhawk, Mr. | 
little time for the party to establish itself, it has been 
considered desirable to leave the southern observers un- 
disturbed as long as possible. The Governor and Mr. 
Lockyer will proceed in her to Carriacou to inspect the 
station there, while the hut and instruments are being 
erected at Green Island. The last week has been spent 
here in erecting and dismounting the instruments ancl 
overhauling everything, so that no time will be lost at 
the station itself. 
There are photographic difficulties ahead: with the 
ordinary plates brought out here, the film simply disap- 
pears in the developer in consequence of the usual tem? 
perature of the water, about 80°. The Germans and 
Americans are now supplying plates here which stand 
this temperature easily, but they do not seem to be known 
in England. It looks very much as if it will be safer to 
take some if not all of the photographs obtained—if any 
are obtained—to be developed at home. 
The Expedition will arrive in England on September 18. 
St. George, Grenada 
THE ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE 
“CHALLENGER” EXPEDITION 
Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. 
“ Challenger” during the Vears 1873-76 under the Com- 
mand of Capt. G. S. Nares, R.N., F.R.S., and Capt. F. T, 
Thomson, RN. Prepared under the Superintendence of 
the late Sir C. Wyville Thomson, F.R.S., &c., and now 
of John Murray, one of the Naturalists of the Expe- 
dition. Zoology—Vol. XIV. By Prof. W. A. Herd- 
man, and Hjalmar Théel. (Published by Order of Her 
Majesty’s Government, 1886.) 
OLUME XIV. of the Zoological Series of these Re- 
ports contains Parts 38 and-39. Part 38 forms 
the second part of Prof. W. A. Herdman’s Report on the 
Tunicata collected by the Expedition. It will be remem- 
bered that the first part was published in 1882, and that 
it treated of the Simple Ascidians. The Compou.id 
Ascidians are described in the present Report, and the 
free-swimming or pelagic forms will form a third and 
concluding Report. The Compound Ascidians have 
always been regarded by biologists as a most difficult 
group to describe. The impossibility of finding good 
diagnostic characters in external markings or general con- 
tour compels the investigator to search for such in minute 
internal structure—a laborious proceeding, and one that 
up to this had had no practical illustration. The large col- 
lection of Compound Ascidians made during the Expedition 
represented 102 species or well-marked varieties, and 
these are arranged in twenty-five genera. Eighty-eight 
of the species and ten of the genera are described here 
for the first time, and two new families have been esta- 
blished. 
The families and genera seem to be uniformly distributed, 
but they are more numerously represented in the southern 
than in the northern hemisphere ; indeed, the Compound 
Ascidians, like the Simple Ascidians, attain their greatest 
numerical development in the southern temperate zone. 
The Botryllidze appear to be confined to the northern 
hemisphere, having there a very wide range. The 
Distomidz are well represented in both hemispheres. 
The Polyclinidee almost exclusively belong to the 
U 
