48 
NATURE 
[May 8, 1902 
of acetone and water, aniline and ethyl alcohol. In the case of 
the first mixture, the difference between the experimental figure 
and that calculated according to M. Leduc’s hypothesis amounts 
as a maximum to four units in the fourth decimal place, 
in the second case the deviation amounts to double this 
amount. The conclusion is therefore drawn that the 
refractive energy, 2-—1/d, is mot constant in _ liquid 
mixtures within the limits of experimental error.—Variations 
of the temperature of the open air in the zone comprised 
between a height of 8 and 13 kilometres, by M. L. Teisserenc 
de Bort. The results of the discussion of observations carried 
out in 236 captive balloon experiments. These results represent 
all seasons of the year and cover several years.—On the manu- 
facture of certain metallic tools by the Egyptians, by M. Albert 
Colson. Analysis of an ancient Egyptian bronze tool.—The 
composition of the hydrate of chlorine, by M. de Forcrand. By 
the application of the principle described in previous papers, the 
conclusion is drawn that the composition of chlorine hydrate is 
Cl,.7H,O.—On ‘some derivatives of oxyisopropylphosphinic 
acid, by M. C. Marie. The mode of preparation and properties 
of the sodium, lead, copper and silver salts.—On the trans- 
formation of proteids in plants during germination, by M. G. 
André.—Observations on orogenic poles, by M. Stanislas 
Meunier.—Glycosuria of muscular origin ; the appearance of 
glycuronic compounds and glycose in the urine of animals sub- 
mitted to a ligature or crushing of the muscles, by MM. Cadeac 
and Maignon.—Does lipase exist in normal serum? by 
MM. Doyon and A, Morel. Hanriot has supposed that there 
exists in normal serum of vertebrates a soluble ferment, lipase, 
which possesses the power of saponifying organic esters. None 
of the experiments here given support this view, and the 
existence in normal serum of a lipase acting upon olein cannot 
be demonstrated.—On acute polymicrobial osteomylitis, by 
M. Ragalski. In a case of osteomylitis of the clavicle, both 
the coli bacillus and staphylococcus were found to be present in 
the blood from the bone. 
GOTTINGEN. 
Royal Society of Sciences.—The Nachrichten (physico- 
mathematical section), part 1 for 1902, contains the following 
memoirs communicated to the Society :— 
January 11.—Emil Bose: on the nature of the electrical 
conduction in Nernst’s electrolytic luminescent oxides. M. 
Abraham : the dynamics of the electron. 
January 25.—Alfred Loewy: on reducible linear homo- 
geneous differential equations. 
February 8.—W. Voigt: contributions to the theory of 
pleochroic crystals. O. Wallach: researches from the Univer- 
sity Chemical Laboratory (series x.)—(1) new syntheses in the 
terpene series ; (2) on the separation of a- and 6-methyladipinic 
acid; (3) on a series of new isomeric cyclic ketones of the 
formule C,H,,O and CyH1,,0 ; (4) on the formation of e-betaines ; 
(5) on phellandrene. C. Jacobi: contribution to the physio- 
logical action of the organic ammonium iodides and _ poly- 
iodides. 
DIARY OF SOCIETIES. 
THURSDAY, May 8. 
Iron AND STEEL INSTITUTE, at 10.30 a.m. 
Roya INSTITUTION, at 3.—Recent Geological Discoveries : 
Smith Woodward. F.R.S 
Society oF ArTs (Indian Section), at 4.30.—The Past and Present Con- 
nection of England with the Persian Gulf: T. J. Bennett. 
MaTHEMATICAL SOCIETY, at 5.30.—On Groups in which every two 
Conjugate Operations are Permutable : Prof. Burnside, F.R.S.—Fermat’s 
Theorem on Binary Powers: A. E. .Western.—The Application of 
Contour Integratioa to the Solution of Problems in the Theory of Con- 
duction of Heat, and to the Development of an Arbitrary Function in 
Series: Mr. H. S. Carslaw —The Application of Fourier's Series to the 
Conduction of Heat: Dr. Gamesh Prasad.—Some formule in Elimina- 
tion: Dr. F. S. Macaulay. 
INSTITUTION OF KLECTRICAL ENGINEERS, at 
General Conditions. (Conclusion of Discussion). 
FRIDAY, May 9. 
PuysicaL Society, at 5.—A Simple Electric Micrometer. Part I.: Dr. 
P. E. Shaw.—The Conservation of Entropy: J. A. Erskine.—Rational 
Units of Electromagnetism : Sig. G. Giorgi. 
Cotp Srorace anp Ice AssociaTIOn (Society of Arts), Afternoon.—The 
Rationale of Cooling Phenomena: Dr. W. Hampson.—The Business 
Side of Cold Storage: R. J. Key. ata : 
Roya (nstiTuTIon, at 9.—Exploration and Climbing in the Canadian 
Rocky Mountains: Prof. J. Norman Collie, F.R.S. . 
Roya ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, at5.—Jacobi’s Nome (q) in Astronomical 
Formule, with Numerical Tables: R. T. A. Innes.—Series in the 
Nebular Spectrum, and in the Bright-line Spectrum of Nova Persei: 
E. F. J. Love.—The Spectrum cf Nova Persei, 1901, on and after 
September 5: Rev. W. Sidgreaves.—Visual and Spectroscopic Observa- 
NO. 1697. VOL. 66]| 
Dr) A> 
8.—Form of Model 
tions of the Sun-spot Group of 1901 May 19-June 26: Rey. A. L. 
Cortie.—Reduction of Extra-Meridian Observations of Planets: P. H. 
Cowell.—Micrometrical Measures of Double Stars with the 17}-inch 
Reflector: Rey. T. E. Espin.—Promised papers: On the Accuracy of 
Photographic Measures. Second Note: H. C. Plummer.—Photographic 
Observations of the Satellite of Neptune: Royal Observatory, 
Greenwich. 
MALaco.ocicaL Society, at 8. 
MONDAY, May 12. 
Royat GEoGRAPHICAL SociETy, at 8.30.—On Snow-Waves and Snow- 
Drifts in Canada: Dr. Vaughan Cornish. 
Victoria INSTITUTE, at 4.30.—Some Diseases mentioned in the Bible: 
Dr. T. Chaplin. 
HAmpstTEaD SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY, at 8.30.—The Relation of Science to 
Art: Sir Samuel Wilks, Bart, F.R.S. 
TUES DAY, May 13. 
Royvat Institution, at 3.—Recent Geological Discoveries: Dr. A. 
Smith Woodward, F.R.S. 
WEDNESDAY, May 14. 
Society oF Arts, at 8.—Boats and Boat Building in the Malay 
Peninsula: H. Warington Smyth. 
GeEoLoaicat Society, at 8 —On Pliocene Glacio-Fluviatile Conglomerates 
in Subalpine France and Switzerland: Dr. Charles S. Du Riche Preller. 
—Overthrusts and other Disturbances in the Radstock Series of the 
Somerset Coalfields: F. A. Steart. 
THURSDAY, May 15. 
Royat Society, at 4.30.—Probable papers: Microscopic Effects of Stress 
on Platinum: T. Andrews, F.R.S., and C. R. Andrews.—Cyanogenesis 
in Plants. Part I]. The Great Millet, Sorghum vulgare: Prof. W. R. 
Dunstan, F.R.S., and Dr. T. A. Henry.—The Minute Structure of 
Metals and other Plastic Solids: G. Beilby.—On Electro-Motive Wave 
accompanying Mechanical Disturbance in Metal immersed in Electrolyte : 
Prof. J. C. Bose.—On some Phenomena affecting the Transmission of 
Electric Waves over the Surface of the Sea and Earth: Capt. H. B. 
Jackson, R.N., F.R.S. 
INSTITUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS (Society of Arts), at 8.— 
Electrical Traction on Steam Railways in Italy: Prof. C. A. Carus- 
Wilson, 
CHEMICAL Society, at 8. 
FRIDAY, May 16. 
oe nUTION, at 9.—The Nebular Theory: Sir Robert Ball, 
CONTENTS. PAGE 
Stonehenge. By Sir Norman Lockyer, K.C.B, 
Mak oratrte. ss sat ave. Sop emma 
Studies in the Distribution of Plants ....... 27 
Our Book Shelf :— 
Guichard : ‘‘ La Question de l’Eau potable devant les 
Miumicipalites|: | 2 ai) sue NWA Babalu Veo! tee 28 
Negris : ‘‘ Plissements et Dislocations de l’écorce ter- 
restreren: Grece 7) eg) ee BOs. cars 28 
Biichner: ‘* Last Words on Materialism.”—A. E. T. 29 
Letters to the Editor :— 
The Misuse of Coal.—Walter Rosenhain; Prof. 
Nepmerry, VIR. S:). es ; 29 
Experimental Mathematics.—F. M. Saxelby . e 30 
Rearrangement of Euclid’s Propositions. —J. M. 
Child PM Soo oy | Ae 
The Sweet Briar as a Goat Exterminator.—Sir W. T. 
‘Dhiselton-Dyer, K/CyM. Gish. hasan. seems 
Stopping down the Lens of the Human Eye.—Wm., 
Andrews ee es flo Ae AOS 
Prisms and Plates for Showing Dichromatism,—Prof. 
R. W. Wood Pawel Ot ot ic . : 31 
Sun-pillar and Parhelion.—Prof. Grenville A. J. 
Golesi: ss. = Sah Me ke ee 
A Rare Wild Sheep.—R. Lydekker, F.R.S.. . . 32 
Beechen Hedges on Elevated Ground.—Jul. Wulff; 
WimyGee . <0 fro se olsl)) oC 
Chemical Instruction and Chemical Industries in 
Germany. By Prof. T. E. Thorpe, F.R.S... . . 32 
Rhodesia and Ophir. (J///ustrated.) By Prof. A. H. 
IKCANC) 00 weyle ie be. ce 5) Ue el ay ol CS ea 
The Institution of Electrical Engineers and Electri- 
cal Legislation : Oho .S 35 
Decorative Piants for Gardens 30 
INGLES tMeEms) =e  = tier 37 
Our Astronomical Column :— 
Changes on the Moon’s Surface... .... + + 40 
Dust-Falls and their Origins. By W.J.S.L... . 4! 
British versus American Locomotives. ..... . 42 
Interference of Sound. (J//ustrated.) By Lord Ray- 
leiehy PaReS. 2. a): s) TUReReeaneies oo) Ciencias 
University and Educational Jntelligence. . . . . 44 
Societies and Academies .........++4+ + 45 
Diaryrof societies. . ou. ueneemrans Sos, ) sh 
