JuLy 24, 1902] 
NATURE 
299 
work has just started. An extension to Holborn has been 
granted, where (besides connecting with the Central 
London Railway) it will form a junction with the 
(8) Great Northern and Strand Railway.—This will 
run from Finsbury Park (G.N.R.) past King’s Cross and 
Holborn to the Strand. 
(9) Charing Cross, Euston and flampstead Rait- 
qway.—Starting at the Charing Cross end, the line runs to 
Tottenham Court Road, where it gives a cross connec- 
tion with the Central London, thence v7é@ Euston to 
Hampstead (Golders Green) and Highgate. At the 
Golder’s Green end there is to be a junction with the 
(10) Hampstead and Edgware Railway.—This is to 
run in the opento Edgware. The line, which is outside 
the limits of the map, is to be controlled by the Charing 
Cross, Euston and Hampstead Railway. 
(11) Baker Street and Waterloo Railway.—This rail- 
way was authorised in 1893. Construction work is now 
considerably advanced. The line with the extensions 
granted runs from Paddington (G.W.R.) v7@ Marylebone 
(G.C.R.), Baker Street, Oxford Circus, Piccadilly Circus, 
Charing Cross and Waterloo to the Elephant and Castle, 
where it connécts with the City and South London 
Railway. 
Mr. Yerkes holds a large interest in all the above rail- 
ways (4-11). Power will be supplied to all (except 
possibly the two last) from the generating station in 
Lots Road, Chelsea (4), particulars of which have 
already been given. The Metropolitan Railway has, 
however, a separate power station at Neasden. 
(12) London United Railways (Hammersmith and 
Piccadilly).—This line, which is promoted by the London 
United Tramways and half owned by Mr. Morgan, will 
run under Hammersmith Road, Kensington High Street 
and Piccadilly to the Circus. At the Hammersmith end 
it is fed by the tramways. At the Piccadilly end it forms 
an end-on junction with the 
(13) Piccadilly and City Railway.—This line is to 
run from Piccadilly Circus to Charing Cross, and thence 
under the Strand and Fleet Streetto the Bank. At the 
Bank there is an end-on junction with the 
(14) North-East London Ratlway.—This railway runs 
from the Bank through Highbury and Tottenham to 
Paliner’s Green (near Southgate). The last few miles 
are torun inthe open. This, with the two above lines 
and the London United Tramways, will give a through 
route from the extreme west to the north-east of London. 
Through booking is to be adopted, the proposed fares 
being extremely small. The group is known as the 
“Morgan” group, and will be supplied with power from 
the stations at Fulham (5) and Kingsland (6). 
(15) London United Railways (Marble Arch and 
Clapham Junction).—This line gives a south and north 
connection running from Clapham Junction wd Sloane 
Street under Hyde Park to Marble Arch. It is promoted 
by the London United Tramways Company, and will 
obtain power from the same station as their other railway. 
At Marble Arch there is connection with the Central 
London Railway and an end-on junction with the 
(16) North-West London Raitlway.—This railway is 
to run under the Edgware Road to Cricklewood. The 
line was authorised in 1899, but construction work has 
not yet started. There are to be stations every half 
mile. 
(17) Great Northern and City Raitlway.—An extension 
of this railway (which starts at Finsbury Park) to the 
Bank has been granted. The construction work is 
nearly completed. The generating station is to be on 
the Regent’s Canal (7). 
(18) City and Brixton Ratlway.—This line, which has 
been leased to the City and South London Railway, runs 
under the Brixton Road and connects Brixton with the 
City. Construction work has not yet commenced and 
details are not available. 
NO. 1708, VOL. 66] 
(19) London, Tilbury and Southend Railway.—Powers 
have been granted to run the whole of this line electrically, 
but it is not proposed to do so until necessary. At first 
only such portions will be converted as are considered 
necessary to work in with the District Railway electri- 
fication. A site, large enough for a generating station 
for the whole line, has been acquired on the River 
Roding (a little beyond the limit of the map). 
M. S. 
THE PITTSBURG MEETING OF THE 
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION. 
Pee fifty-first annual meeting of the American As- 
sociation for the Advancement of Science was held 
at Pittsburg, Pa., June 28—July 3, 1902, under the presi- 
dency of Prof. Asaph Hall, formerly of the United States 
Naval Observatory, and Harvard University. 
The meeting was not a large one, but was attended by 
many of the leading men of science in the United 
States. The total registration was 436, and the majority 
of those in attendance were Fellows. A number of 
affiliated societies met at the same time and place in 
connection with the Association. These societies were 
the Geological Society of America, the American 
Chemical Society, the Society for the Promotion of 
Agricultural Science, the Botanical Society of America, 
the American Microscopical Society, the American Folk- 
Lore Society, the Association of Economic Entomologists, 
the Society for the Promotion of Engineering Education, 
the American Physical Society, the American Anthropo- 
logical Association and the National Geographic Society. 
The meetings of these societies were all largely attended 
and their registration was not included in that of the 
Association, so that the Pittsburg meeting was practically 
a gathering of about one thousand scientific men. 
As is quite natural, on account of its great mining and 
manufacturing interests, Pittsburg proved to be an 
especially attractive meeting-place for the engineers and 
geologists. The botanical and chemical sections and 
their affilated societies were also represented with 
especial strength. 
The address of the retiring president, Dr. Charles 
Sedgwick Minot, of the Harvard Medical School, was 
delivered on the evening of July1 and is printed in full 
in this number. The other evening functions of the 
meeting were :—(1) A popular lecture by Dr. Leonard P. 
Kinnicutt, of the Worcester Polytechnic Institute, on 
“ The Prevention of the Pollution of Streams by Modern 
Methods of Sewage Treatment.” Dr. Kinnicutt is a 
well-known American expert in this line of work, and has 
been a careful observer of the experiments which have 
been and are being made in England, many of his 
lantern slides referring to English work. (2) On July 3 
Mr. Robert T. Hill, of the U.S. Geological Survey, gave 
an illustrated lecture on the recent volcanic eruptions in 
Martinique. Mr. Hill was leader of an expedition to 
Martinique a few days after the eruption of Mont Pelee, 
other members being Prof. I. C. Russell, of Ann Arbor, 
Mich., and Commander Borchgrevink: The expedition 
was sent out by the National Geographic Society. 
The vice-presidential addresses were as follows :— 
Prof. James McMahon, of Cornell University, before 
the Section of Mathematics and Astronomy, on the sub- 
ject “Some Recent Applications of the Function Theory 
to Physical Problems.” Prof. D. B. Brace, of the Uni- 
versity of Nebraska, before the Section of Physics, on 
the subject “The Group Velocity and the Wave Velocity 
of Light.” Prof. H. S. Jacoby, of Cornell University, 
before the Section of Mechanical Science and Engineer- 
ing, on the subject “ Recent Progress in American Bridge 
Construction.” Dr. B. T. Galloway, of the U.S. Depart- 
ment of Agriculture, before the Section of Botany, on 
