368 
NATURE 
[Marca 17, 1923 

appointment as engineer to the Todmorden water- 
works. In 1891 he commenced his career as professor 
in the Manchester College of Technology, where he 
had previously devoted untiring energies to founding 
the department by holding evening classes. ‘In 1906, 
the Victoria University of Manchester conferred on 
him the degree of M.Sc.Tech. ; and practically all the 
institutions and societies interested in his subjects had 
recognised his great abilities. 
It is no exaggeration to say that the death of Prof. 
Radcliffe will be sincerely mourned all over the globe 
by former students, the numbers of which must literally 
run into thousands. Apart from his sound teaching, his 
wonderful kindness and modest, genial disposition have 
made his one of the most regretted losses his college and 
profession have ever sustained. 

Mr. T. W. STRATFORD-ANDREWS. 
Mr. T. W. StRATFORD-ANDREWS, who died on 
February 17, was a director of many companies con- 
nected with electrical industries. He was born in 
1870 and educated at King’s College, London, and his 
practical training in engineering was obtained at the 
works of Siemens, Schuckert, in Berlin. 
Mr. Stratford-Andrews succeeded his father as 
managing director of the Indo-European telegraph line 
in 1899, but before assuming his new duties he took 
part in the expedition which went 800 miles up the 
river Amazon to lay an extension of the Western 
Brazilian telegraph cable. In 1897 also he rode on 
horseback through Russia and across the Caucasus to 
Teheran to inspect the route of the Indo-European 
land line. This journey he described in a little book 
entitled ‘‘ Overland to Persia.” In 1913 he covered 
the same ground again in a motor car accompanied by 
his wife and his sister. He was decorated by the Shah 
of Persia for his services, and received the thanks of the 
Russian Government. 
Mr. Stratford-Andrews was the first to introduce 
direct automatic Wheatstone working on the Indo- 
European system. He also initiated, in conjunction 
with Sir Henry Kirk of the Indo-European (Govern- 
ment) department, direct operation at high speed 
between London and Karachi, a distance of 5600 miles. 
In his later years he took the greatest interest in 
’ radio-telegraphy and telephony, and he was chairman 
of the Radio Communication Company. His wide 
knowledge and technical insight were much appreciated 
by his numerous colleagues. 
Pror. IGnaz VOGEL. 
Tuer death occurred on December 29 last of Prof. 
Ignaz Vogel, a well-known agricultural bacteriologist 
and mineralogist. He was born on April 15, 1871, at 
Altenkunnstadt in Franconia, and after studying 
chemistry under Emil Fischer at Wurzburg he 
graduated in 1893. Taking up physiological and 
bacteriological research work, he became assistant to 
Prof. Dunbar at Hamburg, where he remained till 1900. 
He was then appointed to the position of bacteriologist 
at the agricultural experimental station of Posen, being 
transferred five years later to the Emperor William 
Institute at Bromberg. In 1914 he was called to 
Leipzig as director of the bacteriological department of 
NO. 2785, VOL. 111 | 


the Agricultural Institute of the University of Leipzig, 
where he succeeded Prof. Lohnis, who had received an 
appointment as agricultural expert in the United States. 
Prof. Vogel published at Marburg a number of 
researches on the occurrence and the transformation 
of the various kinds of sugar in the bodies of plants and 
animals, most of which appeared in the Zeitschrift fiir 
Biologie. Later he turned his attention to the study 
of the bacteria of the soil, and of solid and liquid manure. 
He published numerous papers concerning the fixation 
of atmospheric nitrogen in the form of ammonia, and 
the transformation of this substance into nitrates and 
albumen, most of which appeared in the Zentralblatt fiir 
Bakteriologie. In the “Handbuch der Milchwirt- 
schaft ” he edited the agricultural section. 
The researches of Vogel have contributed greatly to 
the increase of agricultural production by showing how 
the various methods of manuring can be properly 
adjusted to the qualities of the soil. In his university 
work he trained a number of able pupils, being always 
willing to communicate his great knowledge to his 
colleagues. All those who have been able to enjoy his 
teaching and society greatly regret the loss that 
agricultural science has suffered through his premature 
| decease. a 

Pror. A. N. Favaro. 
On September 30 of last year, there passed away 
at Padua, Antonio Nobile Favaro, widely known for 
his numerous contributions to the history of mathe- 
matics and physics. Born at Padua on May 21, 1847, 
educated at the University of Padua and at the engineer- 
ing schools at Turin and Zurich, he entered in 1875 
upon his long career as professor of projective geometry 
at Padua. His “ Lezioni di statica grafica” (1877) 
were soon after translated into French. So early as 
1873 he began the study of the history of science by 
a contribution on the evolution of planimeters. For 
nearly half a century he worked assiduously on questions 
dealing with the history of mathematical instruments, 
with papers and letters of Tycho Brahe, N. Tartaglia, 
| Leonardo da Vinci, and others. 
The researches for which Favaro is best known, and 
which mark the crowning effort of his long career, are 
on the life and work of Galileo’ and his friends. In 
1887, Favaro received a commission from the Italian 
Government to edit the complete works of Galileo. 
He devoted nearly thirty years to this task and brought 
out the ‘‘ Edizione Nazionale ” of Galileo’s works in 
twenty volumes, which serves as a model to other 
governments as to what can and should be done in 
editing the works of great men of science. As by- 
products Favaro brought out a series of publications, 
‘“ Amici e corrispondenti di Galileo Galilei,” consisting 
of more than forty parts and constituting an important 
contribution to our knowledge of science in Italy during 
the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. ¢ 
Fiorian Cajori. 

WE regret to announce the following deaths : 
Dr. Norman Dalton, senior physician to King’s 
College Hospital and formerly professor of patho-— 
logical anatomy in King’s College, London, on 
March 9, aged sixty-five. ’ 
Prof. J. D. Van der Waals, professor of theoretical 
physics in the University of Amsterdam, on March 8, 
aged eighty-five. 
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