| May 5, 1923] 
NATURE 
621 

MANCHESTER.—Prof. de Sitter, of the University 
of Leyden, will deliver a lecture on ‘“‘ The Theory of 
Jupiter’s Satellites’ at the University on May 9, 
at 5.30 P.M. Visitors will be welcomed. 












































Oxrorp.—Sir Michael Sadler has been elected 
Master of University College, in succession to Dr. 
R. W. Macan, who retired from the office on April 1. 
_ Sir Michael Sadler was well known in Oxford from 
1880 to 1895 as scholar of Trinity and steward and 
senior student of Christ Church. He was president of 
the Union in 1882, and from 1885 to 1895 he did valu- 
able work as secretary to the then lately-established 
Oxford University Extension Scheme. He was ap- 
pointed professor of the history and administration 
of education at the Victoria University of Manchester 
in 1903, and became Vice-Chancellor of the University 
of Leeds in 1911. Sir Michael Sadler is the leading 
authority upon education in Great Britain, and his 
return to Oxford is confidently expected to prove 
a source of increased strength to the educational 
efficiency of the University. 

By the will of Dame Ella Mabel Farrar, the sum 
of 40001. is bequeathed to such university or university 
college in the Transvaal as her executors shall select, 
to found a George Farrar agricultural scholarship for 
students of European birth. 
H.R.H. Princess Mary, Viscountess Lascelles, has 
consented to present the prizes and certificates to the 
students of the London (Royal Free Hospital) School 
of Medicine for Women (University of London), Hunter 
Street, Brunswick Square, W.C.1, on Saturday, June 
2. Scholarships to the total value of rorol. will be 
awarded for the session beginning in October 1923. 
Full particulars and forms of entry can be obtained 
from the warden and secretary of the hospital. 
On April 4, the Sterling Chemistry Laboratory of 
Yale University, the first building to be erected out 
Sterling to the University, was formally opened, and 
Sir Joseph Thomson delivered an address on “ The 
Unity of Physics and Chemistry.’’ The date is 
interesting as being the centenary of the first lecture 
in chemistry delivered at Yale by the first professor 
of chemistry, Benjamin Silliman. The building has 
cost about 400,000/., and according to Science of 
March 23, in which some details of its equipment are 
given, it is the finest material plant in the world for 
the teaching of chemistry and for research. There 
is a laboratory for industrial chemistry, which con- 
tains apparatus of factory size, and extends from 
the foundations of the building to the roof. The 
tre of the building is devoted to teaching labora- 
tories, all on the same level, and separated from each 
other by light walls, which can readily be removed 
should it be necessary to enlarge any laboratory. 
The building also contains a large number of small 
private laboratories, two large lecture-halls, class- 
rooms, and a well-furnished library. 
Tue foundation, recently announced, of six Henry 
P. Davison scholarships tenable by Oxford and 
Cambridge men for one year in Harvard, Yale, and 
Princeton Universities, may perhaps be regarded as 
Significant of a movement in the United States in 
favour of endowments reciprocal to the Rhodes 
Scholarship Trust. Each of the Davison scholar- 
ships is worth 1500 dollars plus tuition fees, or about 
375/. in all. According to an announcement by the 
Oxford selection committee, preference will be given, 
other things being equal, to undergraduates in their 
second year proposing to return, on the expiry of the 
term of tenure of the scholarship, to their own Uni- 
NO. 2792, VOL. 111] 
“7 
of the funds provided by the bequest of John W. ; 
versity for a further year of study. Selection will 
not be by examination. The selection committee 
will base their choice on a consideration of character, 
scholarship, and of general fitness to represent the 
University. It is understood that the scheme is, in 
its present form, experimental. Compared with 
the 96 Rhodes scholarships tenable in Oxford by 
Americans, the number of American university and 
college scholarships for British students is rather 
small. A list published in the ‘“‘ Universities Year- 
book” gives: the Rose Sidgwick Memorial, tooo 
dollars ; Choate Memorial (Harvard), 1850 dollars ; 
Bryn Mawr, three of 720 dollars each; Union Theo- 
logical Seminary, New York, 1200 dollars; Jane 
Eliza Procter (Princeton), two of 2000 dollars each ; 
and Auchinloss and Dawson (Yale), 2000 dollars. The 
very magnitude of the Rhodes Scholarship Trust has 
perhaps hitherto tended to discourage reciprocity. 
EpucaTion WEEK in America, December 3-9, was 
marked by proclamations by the president of the 
United States and by governors of 42 States, by 
hundreds of thousands of addresses, sermons, and 
speeches, by special editions of or editorial support 
in half of the newspapers of the country and by 
articles in practically all the others, by special 
exhibitions in practically all the motion-picture 
theatres, and by messages from numerous broad- 
casting stations. What is the justification for such 
a raging and tearing campaign ? The United States 
Government Commissioner of Education answers this 
question by saying that no step forward in education 
can be made except as the result and with the 
approval of public sentiment, and it is therefore of 
fundamental importance to arouse the interest of the 
public generally, and not merely of the educator and 
educated man, in the needs of education. The 
Bureau of Education itself made use in Education 
Week of the Government naval aircraft broadcasting 
station, and followed this up by establishing a 
regular service of broadcast messages. The “ radio 
talks ’’ are given on Monday and Thursday evenings, 
and deal with such subjects as consolidation of rural 
schools, health work in schools, etc. 
THE report for 1922 of the Carnegie United King- 
dom Trust gives particulars of grants amounting to 
106,669/., distributed as follows: Libraries 68,303/., 
music and the drama 17,320/., physical welfare 
10,300/., hostels 6452/., miscellaneous 4294/. Of 
the grants for libraries 36,000/. went to rural circulat- 
ing, 24,000/. to urban, and 5000/. to special libraries 
(central libraries for students, Co-operative Library 
of Dublin, Royal Aeronautical Society, College of 
Nursing, and Merchant Seamen’s), while 1500/. was 
given to the School of Librarianship and 1600/. to 
the ‘‘ Subject Index to Periodicals.’”’ The trustees 
aim at “‘ providing the initial expenditure necessary 
for the efficient inauguration ’’ of projects likely to 
have permanent national value, and especially new 
projects of a pioneer character, rather than at main- 
taining indefinitely enterprises which give no promise 
of becoming self-supporting. Their operations derive 
from this principle a certain liveliness not commonly 
associated with the administration of property in 
mortmain. In connexion with the rural libraries 
scheme the report comments on the disadvantages of 
the system under which in England and Wales the 
Education Committee is only a department of the 
County Council instead of being an autonomous 
authority as in Scotland. Among other important 
benefactions are: a guarantee of rooo/, in connexion 
with the publication of a ‘‘ World List of Scientific 
Periodicals,’’ showing libraries in Great Britain where 
they are on file, and a grant for the National Insti- 
tute of Industrial Psychology. 
