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SATURDAY, JUNE 16, 1923. 
CONTENTS. 
The Organisation of Research in India 
Shield Tunnelling. By W.C.U. . 
Colour Vision and Colour Vision Theories 
Nature Knowledge and Pastime. By the cla Hon, 
Sir Herbert Maxwell, Bart., F.R.S. 
Psychotherapy - 2 : ‘ . ° : 
Our Bookshelf . z : i . . : € 
Letters to the Editor :— 
Gravitation and Light - = Pressure in Nebule. — Dr. 
£ a. lie = S.; Prof. F. A Lindemann, 
ao. and Se Sita. —Sir G. Archdall "Reid, 
K.B.E. grees j 
Martini’s Equations for the. Epidemiology of Im- 
munising Diseases. — Prof. G. N. Watson, 
P.R.S. 
The Structure of Basic Beryllium Acetate.—Dr. N. V. 
Sidgwick, F.R.S. 
mad of Man,—Prof. Karl Pearson, F.R. S.; 
S. H. « A 
Official x of Fourteen Generic Names of F ishes. — 
Dr. C. W. Stiles 
Tertiary Brachiopods “from. Japan. aT Wilfrid 
Jackson 
The Ionising Potentials of Nitrogen and Hydrogen. 
—Dr. H. D. Smyth . 
Chromosome Numbers in Aegilops. — —Prof. -Joha 
Percival . : 
Effect of Insulin upon Blood Sugar Concentration. — 
L. B. Winter and W. Smith . 
The Value of the Planck Constant 4. —Raymond T 
Birge . 
A Method of Broadcasting Pictures, 
(Jilustrated. = 
Dr. E. E. Fournier d’Albe ‘ : ri 
Hay Fever. By W.B. . ; , P 
The Perceutenata of ine Pascal. By Prof. H. 
Wildon Carr . - 2 
Obituary :— 
Prof. John Cox 
Mr. R. W. Hooley. ‘By A.S W. P 
Current Topics and Events . P e . < 
Our Astronomical Column ‘ > F "3 ain 
Research Items : 
The Liverpool Meeting of the British Association 
International Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry. 
CONFERENCE AT CAMBRIDGE, JUNE 17-20 
Technical Chemistry at the University of Edinburgh 
fo Electric a of pede. a — H.R 
Pint 4 Sa . = 
University and Educational Intelligence A 
Societies and Academies . : 
Official Publications Received . 
Diary of Societies fe 

Editorial and Publishing Offices - 
MACMILLAN & CO., LTD., 
ST. MARTIN'S STREET, LONDON, W.C.2. 
Telegraphic Address: PHUSIS, LONDON. 
Telephone Number: GERRARD 8830. 
NO. 2798, VOL. 111] 
The Organisation of Research in India. 
HE remarkable results that have been achieved 
in recent years in India by scientific plant- 
breeding are strikingly illustrated by a table contained 
in “ A Review of Agricultural Operations in India,” 
recently published by the Government of India 
(Calcutta: Superintendent of Government Printing, 
1923). 
In the season 1921-22 the area under new and 
improved varieties of crops was returned at nearly 
34 million acres. To this should be added a large area 
(particularly of wheat and cotton) laid down with seed 
obtained from other sources than official Seed Depots. 
Of the above-mentioned area, no less than approxi- 
mately 14 million acres were under improved cottons, 
yielding in some cases an increased profit to the culti- 
vators of 20s. per acre. But in regard to this crop, 
Indian administrators are still not satisfied with the 
progress made. An Indian Central Cotton Committee 
was appointed to examine the whole problem of cotton 
growing and marketing. This Committee reported in 
August last, and already the Indian Government has 
adopted one of its recommendations and passed an Act 
authorising the levy of a cess of 4d. per bale of cotton 
exported and consumed in mills, the money so raised 
to be used to create a Central Fund for Cotton Research. 
It is estimated that this cess will produce about 
45,000]. per annum (or one-and-a-half times the total 
amount originally set aside for agricultural research 
in Great Britain by the Development Commission). 
The greater portion of this sum will be devoted to the 
creation of a Cotton Breeding and Seed Distribution 
Institute, to be established, probably at Indore, in 
Central India. In addition, a definite scheme for 
research in technological problems has been formulated. 
An experimental spinning plant will be provided for 
this purpose. Further, an information bureau has been 
started for the collection and distribution of trade and 
agricultural information. It is probable that the 
central breeding station at Indore will be placed under 
the direction of Mr. and Mrs. Howard, whose successful 
work at Pusa in wheat-breeding is well known in Great 
Britain. 
The Central Cotton Committee has also been instru- 
mental in securing the enactment of measures designed 
to cope with the difficulties peculiar to the improvement 
of the cotton crop. Cotton being a plant which, 
usually, is cross-fertilised, an improved variety cannot 
be handled in a small way. Consequently, an Act has 
been passed which gives the Government power to 
notify a particular area (generally 2000 square miles) 
for protection, and so prevent, over a large region, 
the sowing of any variety other than that which it is 
