November 7, 1901] 



NA TUBE 



17 



Schwalbe, who may be regarded as the chief of this clafs, gives 

 references to 145 papers' m his latest work on the ear — most of 

 which deal only with the external ear. 



The third class is that of which Berlillon - is the chief. To 

 this class the characters of the external ear are important only 

 so far as they may assist in the identification of the criminal. 

 Its system of observation is purely empirical, and the large 

 masses of facts which it has accumulated are useless for the 

 scientific advancement of the subject. *-• "if"; fes^- 



In a paper contributed recenily to La Na/itie,^ from which 

 Figs. I and 2 are borrowed, Mr. Henri Coupin remarks that 



way, for I suspect that most people, as well as the novelist, find 

 a lack of descriptive terms by which the numerous varieties of 

 the external ear may b; fully indie ited. 



There are two types of ear which everyone must have noticed, 

 although they have found no name for them. They are con^ 

 trasted types and mark the opposite poles of ear development 

 One of these is that which the novelist occasionally condescend: 

 to notice, describing it as "a beautifully modelled, small, shell 

 like ear." Popularly il is regarded as a .sign of high breeding. 

 Examples of this type may be s»en in Fig. I, Nos I, 5, S, II 

 18, 20, 25, 27, and in Fig. 2, Nos. S, 12, 16, 19, 25, 34, 35 



writers of fiction, while describing with a fulness of detail the 

 features of the eye, mouth, nose and hair of the heroine or hero, 

 carefully abstain from any mention of the external ear. Vet 

 there is no doubt that the ear is a subject of common remark 

 among friends and acquaintances, but often in an inarticulate 



1 " Handbuchs der Anatomic des Menschen," von Bardeleben. .Ablheil 

 II. Band v., 1898. 



- " The Bertillon System of Identification." Translated by McClaughry. 



3 " Notre Oreille," Lit Nature, p. 138, July 27, 1901. 



NO. 1671, VOL. 65] 



An example of the same type will be seen in Fig. 3, which is a 

 tracing from a photograph of a typical ear of the orang. For 

 the reason that the chief features of the orang's ear are present 

 in the type of ear I have just cited, I have named it the "orang- 

 lype " of human ear. 



The type of human ear contrasted to this is one never alluded 

 to in fiction, but is frequently the subject of everyday remark. 

 It is large, expansive, and projects like " wind-sails from the 

 port-holes of a steamer in the tropics." A very good illustra- 

 tion of it is seen in Fig. 2, No. 45, but further examples may 



