378 MESSRS. SCLATER AND SALVIN ON [^'^P'". 'i, 



Hartlaub (l. s. c.) says there is no sufficient difference between 

 American and Indian specimens ; but v. Pelzeln distinguishes the 

 American form from the African and Indian birds by its darker 

 flanks. 



The South-American bird has, as will be seen from the above 

 quotations, usually been identified with the Pato Real, or Anas regia 

 of Molina ; but we now know that the Sarcidiornis does not occur 

 at all in Chili, and that the " Pato Real " of that country is Mareea 

 chiloensis, according to Philippi and Landbeck (Cat. Av. Chil. p. 9.t), 

 though Molina's vague description may have had some reference to 

 Cairina moschata. If, then, as would appear to be the case, the 

 American bird is really separable from the Indian, the proper name 

 for this species is carunculata — a term based by lUiger on Azara's 

 Pato crestudo, and pubHshed by Lichtenstein in 1818. 



The range of this Duck in South America is by no means 

 extended ; and it has seldom l)een noticed beyond the upper waters of 

 the basin of the Parana. It occurs, however, in the interior of 

 Bahia, according to Prince Maximilian ; and Natterer met with it at 

 Barra do Rio Negro, ou the Amazons, in July 1832. 



Genus 3. Cairina. 



Cairina, Fleming, Phil, of Zool. p. 260 (1822). 

 Moschatus, Less. Ind. Orn. i. p. 633 (1831). 

 Gymnathus, Nuttall, Man. Orn. ii. p. 403 (1834). 



This genus contains a single form, originally American, but now 

 introduced into the Old World and naturalized iu many parts of the 

 tropics. 



Cairina moschata. 



Anas moschata, Linn. S. N. i. p. 199; Max. Beitr. iv. p. 910 

 (Brazil) ; Schl. Mus. des P.-B. Anseres, p. 73. 



Cairina moschata. Cab. in Schomb. Guiana, iii. p. 763 ; Tsch. F. 

 P. p. 54; D'Orb. Voy. i. p. Ill; Burm. Syst. Ueb. iii. p. 440 

 (Brazil), et La Plata-Reise, ii. p. 514 (Parana and Tucuman) ; J. f. 

 Orn. 1860, p. 266 ; Moore, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 65 (Honduras) ; Scl. & 

 Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 232 (Guatemala); P. Z. S. 1864, p. 373 (Pa- 

 nama), 1866, p. 200 (Ucayah), 1867. p. 979 (Pebas) ; Salv. Ibis, 

 1865, p. 198; Taylor, Ibis, 1860, p. 315 (Honduras); Le'ot. Ois. 

 Trin. p. 521 (1866) (Trinidad): Pelz. Orn. Bras. p. 320 (1870) ; 

 Reinh. Fugl. Bras. Camp. p. 21 (1870) (Lagoa Santa); Lawr. Mem. 

 Bost. Soc. N. H. ii. p. 315 (Mazatlan). 



Carina moschata, Eyton, Mon. Anat. p. 142 (1838). 



Cairina sylvestris, Stephens, Zool. xiii. p. 69. 



Anas mariana, Shaw, Nat. Misc. ii. t. 69(?). 



El Pato Grande o Real, Az. Apunt. no. 437. 



Le Canard musque. Buff. PI. Enl. 986. 



Capite toto, collo, et corpore subtus brunneo-nigris, abdomine lineis 

 albis angustissimis transvittato; dor so iridescent e purpurea, 

 plumis singulis nigra fnarginaiis, scapularibus et tertiariis 



