NOTES AND QUERIES. 271 
down in my garden. These Toads are very plentiful there, and the sound 
of their bellowing love-calls was audible at a distance of a quarter of a mile. 
It would be difficult to estimate their number, but on the area we inspected 
there must have been tens of thousands. Of those I put in my garden 
some climbed a wall eight feet high and made their way to the flashes at the 
back, where I trust they will become localised. I placed a few in a case 
adjoining a case of American Bullfrogs, and noticing the latter eyeing them 
in a greedy way, I placed one amongst them; it was promptly devoured. 
I then put in some more, and one Bullfrog ate four Natterjacks in about six 
minutes; as the toads were full-grown, his meal was a good one. I have 
had some difficulty in providing food for my Bullfrogs, but find that they 
will eat raw meat if it be cut into strips about two inches long and then 
moved before them as if alive; if it be left motionless they will not touch it. 
It may be interesting to record that last week I noticed an Edible Frog, 
Rana esculenta, eat a full-grown Salamandra atra. I was the more surprised 
as I have bred S. atra, S. maculosa, Molge cristata, and M. vulgaris in the 
same case for some months without noticing anything of the kind ; although 
the Common Newts were becoming fewer, I thought they might have 
escaped through the wire cover of the case, but after seeing where S. atra 
went, I have no doubt the Newts had suffered a similar fate. I feed these 
- frogs with earthworms, and occasionally insects, upon which diet they thrive 
and have spawned in captivity. On May 11th I found a female S. atradead 
on the bottom of the case. She had died in the act of parturition; the tail of 
the young one protruded nearly an inch; I extracted it, and found it had 
reached the adult form. Last June some S. maculosa brought forth their 
young in the gill state, some being born in the tank and others on the floor 
of the case: the latter died, the former flourished, and I have one still in 
the gill state, now nearly three inches long; it is just beginning to show 
the brilliant yellow markings of the adult. Some two weeks ago, on moving 
an old tree-root in my garden, I found a Salamandrina perspicillata, 
evidently one of a number which had escaped from their case last summer, 
and had managed in its snug retreat to survive our northern winter.— 
Linnaus Grernine (Birch House, Warrington). 
MOLLUSCA. 
Mollusca in the neighbourhood of London.—On May 16th I took 
a white variety of Bulimus obscwrus from a nettle-covered bank between 
Hampstead Heath and Hendon. It was the only form of this species 
I could find, and T searched the bank well, for I knew that this snail 
had not hitherto been recorded for Middlesex ; at any rate it is not so 
recorded in Taylor and Roebuck’s ‘ Census of British Land and Fresh- 
water Mollusca.’ [It is recorded in Cooper’s List.—Ep.] On the very 
