Miscellaneous Intelligence. 135 
IV. MisceLtaneous INTELLIGENCE. 
1. On the Earthquake at Manilla, of Sept. 16, 1852, Ses Bost. 
Soc. Nat. Hist., 1852, 300.)—The first shock occurred at To 
of the danger, were on their knees devoutly praying. The houses are 
built of stone, with very thick walls, and rather low, in order to withstand 
better such shocks of earthquakes, and yet many of them were com- 
pletely destroyed. In one of the strongest houses, an occupant writes, 
a 
noise made by the breaking of walls, the falling of furniture, and the 
cracking and creaking of the timbers was such as to impress every one 
with an ee idea of the dee of property. ‘The shock 
lasted about one anda half minutes; during the evening there were 
four more pense shocks, at regular intervals of about an hour, name- 
ly, at eight, nine, ten, and eleven, and another at four the next morn- 
ing. At each shock the great bell of the cathedral tolled, followed by 
all the bells of the city. 
t night the city was almost deserted, from the danger of remaining 
in houses with tiled roofs ; ; the inhabitants fled to the native houses of 
the suburbs with thatched roofs, and many slept in boats on the river. 
For two or three days after, there were several slight abs and for 
weeks eae ships in the river were used as lodging hou 
This was the longest and most severe earthquake tha has visited 
these isla ee for two hundred years. The damage to property was 
comer though the loss of life was small ; only three or four lives 
are known to have been lost. Imost every stone house suffered more 
or ens Birding to its strength ; nearly all the government barracks, 
the custom house, colleges, palace, theatre, and many private dwellings 
were Felderg! completely untenantable. Two churches were destroy- 
ed. One, the oldest in Manilla, founded Sn sig three hundred years 
ago by the Jesuits, very large, with igen and arches four feet thick, 
was thrown down into one imme of ruins. The movement 
was not slow and gradual, like a long heavy swell, but a quick succes- 
sion of short sudden shocks. e effects of the shocks were different 
in different parts of the island ; inv! ‘did not seem to be any regular 
track pursued by the earthquake + ; in places within a few miles <4 in 
other, in one it was not felt at all, while in the other it was quite ere. 
At Mariveles, just across the Bay from Manilla, the earth bgehed wih 
an eruption of black sand, which covered the country for a considera- 
ble extent; how large the opening was at the time is not known, but it 
is now seven hundred yards long and one yard wide. The volcanoes 
at Albay and Taal, which have not been in operation for many years, : 
ve been since discharging lava, stones, &c., with considerable activ- 
ity.? 
Observations by Prof. H. D. Rogers.—Prof. Rogers referred to the 
circu mstance that the undulatory movement of an earth is fel 
