a Ti 
1901} SOME PLANT ABNORMALITIES 351 
normal filaments, and one broader filament formed by the union 
of three filaments. This bore at its summit one sessile anther, 
and at each. side of this sessile anther a short-stalked one. 
( Figs. 25-27.) 
Case 28. One ala external and lacking the usual hook. One 
side of the vexillum folded back and included in the carina. 
(Figs. 28, 29.) 
Case 29. Nine stamens united, the tenth united to the other 
nine for half the length of the tube, then spreading back with 
the form and coloring of a second vexillum. ( Fig. 30.) 
These abnormalities may be summarized as follows: 
1. Abnormalities of the calyx. (a) In two cases there 
were found six calyx teeth, and (4) in eleven cases a petaloid 
inflation grew from the sinus between the upper teeth. This 
petaloid outgrowth varied from a small colored area in a nor- 
mally formed sinus to an expanse of tissue having the size, form, 
and color of a perfect vexillum. 
2. Abnormalities of the vexillum. (a) In twenty instances 
there were two vexilla, and in three cases three vexilla were 
found. In about half, the second vexillum was normal in form, 
the variations from this being in two directions, (i) toward the 
wing with its downward hook on the one hand, and (ii) toward 
the stamen on the other. (4) In two cases there was a union 
between an ala and the outer vexillum. (c) Union of the vexilla 
was found in two instances. 
3. Abnormalities of the alae. (a) In two flowers the alae 
Were unusually narrow and curved upward. (4) In two cases, 
as mentioned above, there was a union between an ala anda 
vexillum. (c) In one case there were two alae on each side. 
4. Abnormalities of the stamens. (a2) An approach to the 
form and coloring of the petals. Almost every degree of peta- 
lody was found from a petaloid appendage or a broadened fila- 
ment with a hook, to the form of half a vexillum. (8) Three 
flowers had two free stamens, and two had three free stamens. 
(c) Thirteen had an unusual number of united stamens, mostly 
ten or eleven, in two instances reaching twelve. (d@) In several 
