BOTANICAL GAZETTE. 43 
and Lepidium ruderale, L. and Senebiera didyma, Pers. fell little 
short of it in abundance. Lamium purpureum, L., Fumaria offi: 
cinalis, L., and Myosotis arvensis, Hoff. were pretty common on 
ballast and seemed to be firmly established, while Veronica Bua- 
bawmii, Tenore, and Lamium amplexicaule, L. were more local- 
ized, though also well fixed. Papaver Rhoeas, L., Lepidium cam- 
pestre, R. Br., Bellis perennis, L., and Achillea Ptarmica, L. were 
noted, but very sparsely, and could not be considered as at all 
permanent. In the middle of a field, at least a mile from any 
house, was a large patch of Primula veris, L. in fine seed, but 
how it had got there we were unable to learn. A swamp just 
back of town proved a genuine “bonanza” in more ways than 
one. The black flies and mosquitoes were terrible,—so much so 
that from the extravasation of blood, the result of their biting 
was a form of Callitriche verna, L. E : 
grew very freely both on the hillsides and in meadows, while 
bogey spots produced an abundance of Juncus filiformis, L, in 
good fruit. 
_ Thinking it would never do to visit a coal region without 
inspecting a mine, we betook ourselves to the most extensive, 
known as the Old Sydney. After seeing all the works above 
ground, a descent was made of the shaft, seven hundred feet 
deep, and the subterranean wonders explored Some of the 
workings have been carried for a long distance under the sea, 
but I found it quite impossible to realize that the waves of the 
mighty Atlantic were actually rolling above my head. One of 
the most interesting sights was the spacious underground stable, 
where they not only keep, but breed, their stock for use in the — 
mine. I had fancied that the sight of such animals might be de- 
fective in some way, but was informed that whenever they had 
been taken above ground, after a time sufficient to get accns- 
tomed to the light, vision seemed quite normal. Not far, from 
_ the mine was one of the “ barrens” peculiar to the country, and 
this, after jotting down Gnaphaliwm sylvaticum, L., we next pro- 
