420 BOTANICAL GAZETTE. 
2 sr a cece cemeemmremonenrerremneeneeram er a ee 
the course careful drawings and descriptions are demanded, and 
frequent lectures attempt to weave together all the facts so as to 
present the development of the vegetable kingdom and its adapt- 
ion to habits and surroundings. A library in the laboratories 
contains all standard books of reference, and a knowledge of the 
literature of the subjects studied is never lost sight of. At the 
close of this course papers are prepared upon various subjects that 
must be presented in a comparative or developmental way, such as 
“sexual reproduction,” “ asexual reproduction,” “alternation of 
generations,” “ development of vegetative structures,” ete. 
ing a third year special students select any subject they may feel 
an interest in or have an opportunity to investigate, the teacher 
simply seeing that it is not too ambitious or useless. 
n the above courses much detail has been necessarily omit- 
ted. Other courses differ from them chiefly in the order of pre- 
senting subjects. Where and how to begin the study are things 
not well settled, but in the long run about the same things are 
taught. 
Tt will be noticed that in the above courses physiology plays 
but little part, a fact chiefly explained by lack of appliances and 
ack of time. We venture to predict that if at the end of the 
next decade the Gazerre undertakes to give an account of our 
botanical laboratories, that not only will physiology be found to 
be well cared for, but other departments not even mentioned in 
this paper will be prominent. : 
We can not too strongly emphasize the importance of having 
the botanical library in the laboratory, that the student may at 
least become acquainted with the names of writers and their 
books, and best of all with the literature of the subjects they are 
Investigating. 
everal teachers desire to learn subjects which have been of 
use in the work of special students. For this purpose the fol- 
lowing have been presented and their number could be indefi- 
“ Pathological changes induced by parasitic fungi”; “ Develop- 
ment of the pollen-tube in monocotyledons, with the nature and 
“Conjugation of Spirogyra ”; “The fibro-vascular system (as a 
skeleton) of some dicotyledon ”; “Water and salts in the various 
tissues of some plants ”; “ Plant crystals”; ‘Development of any 
