1887. | BOTANICAL GAZETTE. 135 
T. trifoliatum Gray each have an apterous variety. These 
apterous forms were taken from Koch’s genus Zizia and 
placed under the Thaspium species apparently from the close 
resemblance of the foliage. The fruit characters, however, 
are abundantly distinct, for the Zizia forms have simply 
ribbed fruit flattened laterally, the central fruit of the um- 
bellets sessile, and flower early in spring; while T. aureum 
and ‘I’. trifoliatum of the Manual have winged fruit flattened 
dorsally, central fruit pedicelled, and flower late in summer, 
maturing fruit in the fall. Bentham and Hooker have trans- 
ferred these apterous Zizia forms to a section Zizia under 
Carum, from which genus they differ in the absence of sty- 
lopodia, central sessile fruit, more prominent ribs, and Thas- 
pium-like foliage. The same authors seem to have made no 
disposition of T. aureum of the Manual, unless it went with 
the apterous variety, while the group of forms under 7. ér7- 
foliatum Gray of the Manual has been taken as representing 
. cordatum Torr. & Gray. For this latter species Bentham 
and Hooker seem to have had in mind only Gray’s apterous 
variety, and so referred it to Carum § Zizia as one of the two 
species. In Watson’s Bibliographical Index the synonym 
Carum cordatum Benth. & Hook., under T. trifoliatum, is cor- 
rectly quoted, so far as literature is concerned, but apparently 
should be transferred to 7. trifoliatum, var. aplerum Gray, to 
