ANDREWS: ABNORMAL ELATERS OF PORELLA PLATYPHYLLA 87 
this holds true also for others, as in F1G. 6, and in some cases the 
elater approaches a more or less conical shape, the broad end 
of which is nearly flat. Even in the simple elaters the spiral 
thickenings do not always run the entire length of the elater. 
This is likewise true of some of the branched elaters and can be 
noticed to a certain extent in the supernumerary spiraled elaters 
shown in Fics. 5 and 6. In the branched elaters shown in Fics. 
I and 2, some of the branches show two spiral thickenings while 
others show three. The elaters of Targioniahypophylla frequently 
branch; in the example figured by Miiller* two spirals are shown 
in one prong and three in another. The short elaters with 
supernumerary spirals evidenced a less active movement when 
placed in dry and moist air alternately than the longer and 
more slender elaters. 
* Rabenhorst’s Kryptogamen-Flora 6:.231. f. 146. 1907. 
Explanation of plate 3 
ABNORMAL ELATERS OP PORELLA PLATYPHYLLA 
All figures X 300. 
