MACKENZIE: NOTES ON CAREX—XIII 355 
ance from the long awns of the scales. The perigynia average 
markedly wider than those of Carex xanthocarpa. They are 
usually, although not aiways, bacon longer, strongly nerved 
dorsally, more st ve and more markedly green- 
margined above and sharply “pitén take: Carex xanthocarpa 
Bicknell has more obscurely bidentate perigynia which are 
narrower and usually shorter, being mostly but 2.2-2.6 mm. in 
length. They are normally nerveless or obscurely few-nerved 
dorsally, although occasionally plainly several-nerved. At ma- 
turity they are golden-yellow and but little green-margined 
above, and are but rarely exceeded by the awns of the scales. 
The heads average shorter than in Carex annectens but are mark- 
edly less echinate in appearance. 
The very close similarity between depauperate specimens of 
Carex annectens and Carex Muhlenbergit has been more than once 
remarked. Butas Dr. Britton once said to me, “there are tricks 
in all trades,” as he happily proceeded to name a leaf-specimen 
of Prunus from gland characters. And the ‘‘trick’’ employed 
by a Carex student in naming poor material of the above species 
lies in examining the mouth of the sheath. In Carex Muhlen- 
bergii this is strongly hollowed downward or concave, while in 
Carex annectens and its relatives it is prolonged upward and 
convex at least in the lower sheaths. The reddish dots found 
on the ventral side of the sheath (at least at the upper edge) 
in Carex annectens are not found in Carex Muhlenbergit. . 
As the name Carex xanthocarpa can not be used I am pro- 
posing to deal with this species as follows: 
“Carex brachyglossa Mackenzie, nom. nov. 
Carex xanthocarpa Bicknell, Bull. Torrey Club 23: 22. 1896 
Type from New York; not C. xanthocarpa Degl., 1807. 
Carex vulpinoidea Michx. var. xanthocarpa Kiikenthal; Engler’s 
Pflanzenreich 4%: 148. 1909. Based on C. xanthocarpa 
Carex Bicknellii E.G. Camus; Lecomte, Not. Syst. 1:239. I9g10. 
sed on C. xanthocarpa Bicknell; not C. Bicknellit Britton, 
1896. 
Carex annectens Bicknell var. xanthocarpa Wiegand, Rhodora 
24:74. 1922. Based on C. xanthocarpa Bicknell. 
