﻿1890.] 
  

  

  BOTANICAL 
  GAZETTE. 
  

  

  31 
  

  

  a 
  negative 
  way. 
  The 
  specific 
  relationships 
  are 
  in 
  some 
  cases 
  

   <iuite 
  intricate, 
  so 
  that 
  they 
  can 
  not 
  be 
  expsessed 
  in 
  a 
  lineal 
  

   arrangement. 
  Whenever 
  these 
  closely 
  related 
  species 
  over- 
  

   Jap 
  in 
  range, 
  many 
  puzzling 
  intermediate 
  forms 
  are 
  found, 
  

   ^ut 
  It 
  they 
  be 
  accepted 
  as 
  such 
  they 
  are 
  easily 
  understood. 
  

   At 
  a 
  distance 
  from 
  the 
  regions 
  of 
  overlapping 
  these 
  species 
  are 
  

   as 
  distinct 
  as 
  any. 
  A 
  notable 
  illustration 
  of 
  interminoHno- 
  

   species 
  IS 
  to 
  be 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  Lake 
  Superior 
  region, 
  whe?e 
  d 
  

   stolonifera, 
  C. 
  asfertfoUa, 
  and 
  C 
  ^.//%/ 
  exhibit 
  many 
  inter- 
  

   mediate 
  forms. 
  Another 
  such 
  region 
  is 
  to 
  be 
  found 
  aloncr 
  

  

  Washinpfton 
  to 
  Nor 
  

  

  stock. 
  

  

  V-.aJitornia, 
  w^here 
  C. 
  stolomfera 
  and 
  C.^ubescens 
  intergrade: 
  

   L.glabraia 
  of 
  the 
  Pacific 
  coast 
  finds 
  its 
  Atlantic 
  conoener 
  in 
  

   C. 
  candidissima, 
  but 
  they 
  are 
  so 
  far 
  dissociated 
  that^there 
  is 
  

   no 
  longer 
  any 
  confusion. 
  C. 
  stolonifera 
  is 
  the 
  species 
  of 
  

   widest 
  range 
  and 
  characters, 
  and 
  seems 
  to 
  have 
  points 
  of 
  

   contact 
  with 
  almost 
  all 
  the 
  other 
  non-involucrate 
  forms. 
  

  

  *riowers 
  greenish 
  (except 
  in 
  no. 
  2), 
  in 
  a 
  close 
  cyme 
  or 
  head, 
  sur- 
  

   rounded 
  by 
  a 
  conspicuous 
  involucre 
  of 
  4 
  to 
  6 
  white 
  petal-like 
  bracts 
  : 
  fruit 
  

   bright 
  red. 
  

  

  Low 
  and 
  herbaceous, 
  from 
  a 
  slender 
  creeping 
  subterranean 
  root- 
  

  

  I. 
  _ 
  C. 
  Canadensis 
  Linn. 
  Spec. 
  117. 
  Stems 
  simple, 
  7.5 
  to 
  20 
  

  

  cm. 
  high: 
  leaves 
  scarcely 
  petioled, 
  mostly 
  in 
  an 
  apparent 
  

   whorl 
  of 
  4 
  or 
  6 
  near 
  the 
  summit, 
  oval, 
  ovate," 
  or 
  even 
  obovate, 
  

   pointed 
  at 
  both 
  ends, 
  somewhat 
  appressed-pubescent 
  on 
  

   both 
  sides, 
  2.5-7.5 
  t:m. 
  long, 
  .8 
  to 
  3.8 
  cm. 
  wide; 
  near 
  the 
  

   middle 
  of 
  the 
  stem 
  a 
  pair 
  of 
  smaller 
  leaves, 
  and 
  scale-like 
  

   bracts 
  below: 
  peduncle 
  1.2 
  to 
  3.8 
  cm. 
  long: 
  involucral 
  bracts 
  

   4, 
  white 
  or 
  cream-color, 
  ovate 
  (often 
  broadly 
  so), 
  6 
  to 
  16 
  mm. 
  

   long 
  : 
  fruit 
  globular 
  ; 
  stone 
  smooth, 
  not 
  flattened, 
  a 
  little 
  

   higher 
  than 
  broad 
  (2.5 
  mm. 
  high, 
  1.5 
  mm. 
  broad). 
  

  

  Hah. 
  Across 
  the 
  continent 
  as 
  far 
  north 
  as 
  forests, 
  and 
  extending 
  

   fiouthward 
  in 
  damp 
  cool 
  woods 
  to 
  New 
  Jersey, 
  K 
  Indiana 
  and 
  Minnesota, 
  

   and 
  in 
  the 
  western 
  mountains 
  to 
  Colorado 
  and 
  N. 
  California. 
  

  

  Specimens 
  examined 
  : 
  AX^sika, 
  {Kellogg 
  ^Q, 
  135), 
  head 
  of 
  the 
  Yukon 
  

   {Lt. 
  Schwatka), 
  Unalaska 
  (Albatross 
  Exped., 
  Harrington), 
  Sitka 
  (Bongard, 
  

   Bischoff); 
  British 
  Columbia 
  {Tdmie, 
  Wcdlace, 
  Macoun) 
  ; 
  Saskatchewan 
  

  

  Turner 
  

  

  {J. 
  D. 
  Smith, 
  Osborn) 
  ; 
  Maine 
  {Rounds 
  , 
  Redfield) 
  ; 
  New 
  Hampshire 
  {Meehan) 
  ; 
  

  

  MoTong 
  ) 
  

  

  Ghreen 
  . 
  Ndl. 
  Tenbroek) 
  : 
  

  

  Michigan 
  (C/arfc«); 
  Wisconsin 
  {Douglass); 
  Colorado 
  {Fhrry 
  

   ta.nR 
  {Watson); 
  Idaho 
  { 
  Coidter) 
  ; 
  Washington 
  {Wilkes' 
  Exped 
  

  

  