﻿^SpO-] 
  BOTANICAL 
  GAZETTE. 
  1 
  79 
  

  

  substances 
  are 
  comnaon 
  in 
  living 
  cells, 
  their 
  transformation 
  into 
  the 
  dif- 
  

   fusible 
  form 
  of 
  glucose 
  is 
  the 
  phenomenon 
  common 
  to 
  osmosis 
  currents 
  

   throughout 
  the 
  plant. 
  

  

  Perhaps 
  here 
  is 
  a 
  partial 
  explanation 
  of 
  the 
  presence 
  in 
  flowers 
  of 
  

   the 
  materials 
  upon 
  which 
  natural 
  selection 
  has 
  worked 
  in 
  the 
  production 
  

   of 
  honey: 
  a 
  large 
  supply 
  of 
  water 
  bringing 
  to 
  cells 
  comparatively 
  near 
  

   the 
  surface 
  substances 
  in 
  solution 
  which 
  are 
  there 
  united 
  into 
  difiusible 
  

   organic 
  compounds, 
  and 
  rapid 
  evaporation 
  of 
  this 
  water 
  which 
  carries 
  

   with 
  it 
  to 
  the 
  surface 
  a 
  small 
  part 
  of 
  these 
  materials 
  dissolved 
  in 
  it. 
  That 
  

   the 
  first 
  secretions 
  of 
  this 
  kind 
  may 
  not 
  have 
  been 
  perceptibly 
  sweet 
  is 
  

   suggested 
  by 
  the 
  occurrence 
  of 
  nectar 
  like 
  that 
  of 
  Pinguicula, 
  which 
  is 
  

   mere 
  "slime," 
  and 
  by 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  the 
  nectar 
  of 
  difTerent 
  kinds 
  of 
  flowers 
  

   vanes 
  greatly 
  in 
  degree, 
  as 
  in 
  quality, 
  of 
  sweetness. 
  The 
  earliest 
  nectar- 
  

   ies 
  were 
  also 
  probably 
  uuspeciahzed 
  in 
  form, 
  mere 
  surfaces 
  from 
  which 
  

   evaporation 
  went 
  on 
  from 
  cells 
  rich 
  in 
  pollen 
  or 
  seed-producing 
  sub- 
  

   stance 
  lying 
  directly 
  over 
  a 
  network 
  of 
  vascular 
  tissue. 
  Perhaps 
  the 
  

   J^atery 
  secretion 
  found 
  the 
  first 
  day 
  of 
  blossoming, 
  in 
  the 
  stigmatic 
  cav- 
  

   ' 
  y 
  of 
  Nymphaja 
  tuberosa, 
  represents 
  such 
  a 
  primitive 
  form. 
  The 
  devel- 
  

   opment 
  of 
  greater 
  sweetness, 
  of 
  peculiar 
  form, 
  of 
  protective 
  coverings 
  

   > 
  purs, 
  hairs, 
  etc.), 
  the 
  localization 
  of 
  the 
  secreting 
  power 
  in 
  particular 
  

   spots 
  etc., 
  must 
  be 
  delegated 
  to 
  'the 
  working 
  of 
  natural 
  selection— 
  here, 
  

   ^rgely, 
  insect 
  selection—to 
  which 
  also 
  the 
  peculiar 
  forms 
  of 
  the 
  other 
  

   pansof 
  many 
  flowers 
  are 
  generally 
  admitted 
  to 
  be 
  due.— 
  Alice 
  Carteb, 
  

   ^'- 
  ^'^^^^ 
  CoUege, 
  South 
  Hadley,. 
  Mass. 
  

  

  j,^ 
  I'f 
  Ottospora 
  Rubi 
  Rabenh. 
  in 
  America.-Last 
  year, 
  after 
  the 
  Ga- 
  

  

  ^^-V 
  ^^^^^-^ 
  °^ 
  ^^^ 
  discovery 
  of 
  Peronospom 
  Cubensis 
  B. 
  & 
  C, 
  here 
  at 
  

   ; 
  ew 
  iJrunswick, 
  it 
  was 
  found 
  in 
  at 
  least 
  two 
  other 
  localities 
  in 
  the 
  United 
  

  

  Stat 
  

  

  es. 
  A 
  similar 
  note 
  to 
  the 
  eflFect 
  

  

  ronospora 
  

  

  to 
  I 
  ' 
  v'f 
  ^^^ 
  fliscovered 
  upon 
  Rubus 
  strigosus 
  may 
  lead 
  observers 
  

  

  dew 
  h 
  ^^ 
  ^^^^ 
  species 
  elsewhere. 
  I 
  do 
  not 
  find 
  any 
  record 
  of 
  this 
  mil- 
  

   it 
  w 
  *^!°^ 
  previously 
  been 
  seen 
  upon 
  living 
  hosts 
  in 
  this 
  country. 
  As 
  

   ersof^th 
  ^^^^ 
  cultivated 
  raspberries 
  it 
  becomes 
  of 
  interest 
  to 
  grow- 
  

   «esof 
  ^^ 
  ^'"^^^'^^ 
  it- 
  is 
  very 
  likely 
  it 
  will 
  spread 
  to 
  other 
  cultivated 
  spe- 
  

   CO8US— 
  R 
  ^^^^^' 
  ^or 
  its 
  two 
  hosts 
  in 
  Germany 
  are 
  £. 
  caBsius 
  and 
  R.fruti- 
  

   • 
  i^YRoN 
  D. 
  Halsted, 
  New 
  Brunswick, 
  N. 
  J. 
  

  

  tail 
  gra'r 
  """^"^ 
  "'status 
  l.-I 
  have 
  noticed, 
  lately, 
  the 
  "crested 
  dog's- 
  

   P'ots 
  ■ 
  ^^ 
  t> 
  '^y'^osurus 
  cristatus) 
  growing 
  abundantly 
  in 
  the 
  small 
  grass 
  

   bridge^ 
  ■ 
  •'^"' 
  ^^^^^^ 
  many 
  of 
  the 
  houses. 
  It 
  also 
  occurs 
  in 
  Cam- 
  

   ^ton'*^ 
  ^"^li^rsituations. 
  I 
  inquired 
  at 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  large 
  seed 
  stores 
  in 
  

   *oldfor^° 
  ^^^ 
  informed 
  that 
  i't 
  was 
  mixed 
  with 
  other 
  grass 
  seeds 
  and 
  

   ^PiJ 
  ^QT^^ 
  ^^ 
  ^^^^^ 
  ^^^ 
  *^® 
  ^^^^' 
  ^^^ 
  species 
  is 
  a 
  native 
  of 
  Europe 
  

   'Withstand 
  T" 
  ^^'"i^^' 
  and 
  as 
  its 
  roots 
  sink 
  deep 
  into 
  the 
  ground 
  it 
  can 
  

   Deivi. 
  r, 
  ^^^g^its 
  much 
  better 
  than 
  many 
  other 
  grasses.— 
  Walter 
  

   • 
  -^«. 
  Gnmbrldge, 
  Mass. 
  

  

  