﻿236 
  BOTANICAL 
  GAZETTE. 
  [ 
  September, 
  

  

  case 
  with 
  the 
  thickened 
  roots 
  

  

  though 
  in 
  greatly 
  increased 
  amounts. 
  

  

  A 
  study 
  of 
  the 
  histology 
  of 
  the 
  stem 
  and 
  root 
  showed 
  the 
  presence 
  of 
  

   the 
  usual 
  elements 
  of 
  higher 
  plant 
  structure. 
  The 
  fibro 
  vasal 
  bundles 
  of 
  

   the 
  stem 
  were 
  some 
  five 
  to 
  seven 
  in 
  number, 
  of 
  the 
  usual 
  form, 
  and 
  

   forming 
  a 
  circle 
  about 
  the 
  hollow 
  of 
  the 
  stem. 
  

  

  The 
  root 
  in 
  the 
  smaller 
  and 
  normal 
  portions 
  showed 
  likewise 
  no 
  

   specially 
  peculiar 
  characters, 
  but 
  in 
  the 
  thickened 
  portions 
  exhibited 
  a 
  

   peculiarity 
  quite 
  interesting. 
  The 
  thickening 
  seems 
  due 
  almost 
  entirely 
  

   to 
  a 
  special 
  redundancy, 
  or 
  increase 
  of 
  the 
  cells 
  of 
  the 
  central 
  cylinder, 
  

   chiefly 
  of 
  the 
  conjunctive 
  parenchyma. 
  

  

  The 
  histology 
  of 
  these 
  thickened 
  tuberous 
  portions 
  very 
  clearly 
  

   shows 
  that 
  they 
  are 
  true 
  roots. 
  The 
  fibro-vasal 
  bundles 
  are 
  centrally 
  

   located, 
  but 
  very 
  materially 
  altered 
  in 
  appearance 
  by 
  the 
  excessive 
  de- 
  

   velopment 
  of 
  conjunctive 
  parenchyma. 
  This 
  thickening 
  gradually 
  crowds 
  

   the 
  endodermis 
  toward 
  the 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  root, 
  till 
  in 
  the 
  older 
  portions 
  

   it 
  would 
  not 
  be 
  recognized 
  except 
  by 
  very 
  careful 
  observations, 
  but 
  

   might 
  easily 
  be 
  mistaken 
  for 
  an 
  inner-like 
  border 
  of 
  subepidermal 
  tissue. 
  

   The 
  arrangement 
  of 
  the 
  elements 
  of 
  the 
  fibro 
  vasal 
  bundles 
  is 
  also 
  some- 
  

   what 
  peculiar. 
  In 
  general 
  they 
  present 
  the 
  aspect 
  of 
  a 
  biradial 
  bundle, 
  

   with 
  the 
  phloem 
  elements 
  greatly 
  compressed 
  and 
  extending 
  through 
  the 
  

   redundant 
  parenchyma 
  toward 
  the 
  endodermis 
  something 
  after 
  the 
  man- 
  

   ner 
  of 
  a 
  medullary 
  ray. 
  In 
  some 
  cases 
  the 
  bundles 
  assume 
  what 
  niigb 
  

  

  be 
  called 
  a 
  triradial 
  form, 
  there 
  being 
  three 
  of 
  the 
  diverging 
  phIo«" 
  

   masses. 
  

  

  This 
  preliminary 
  report 
  must 
  be 
  considered 
  as 
  somewhat 
  tentative^ 
  

   as 
  I 
  have 
  not 
  yet 
  finished 
  the 
  micro-chemical 
  studv 
  of 
  the 
  elementary 
  

   structure 
  of 
  all 
  the 
  parts. 
  I 
  hope 
  soon 
  to 
  have 
  ready 
  a 
  full 
  account 
  01 
  

   studies 
  upon 
  its 
  general 
  anatomy 
  and 
  organogeny, 
  with 
  a 
  series 
  of 
  fig"'^^ 
  

   lUustratmg 
  points 
  of 
  special 
  interest 
  and 
  importance.-C. 
  W- 
  HakgH 
  , 
  

   Miatni 
  University, 
  Oxford, 
  Ohio. 
  

  

  EDITORIAL. 
  ..,be 
  

  

  loUo^^^jf"'" 
  °^ 
  "'" 
  GA7.ETTE 
  depart 
  from 
  their 
  custom 
  in 
  presenting 
  as 
  an 
  ed.tona 
  

   Mlowmg, 
  from 
  a 
  prominent 
  botanist, 
  as 
  an 
  Incisive 
  expression 
  of 
  their 
  own 
  senim^e" 
  

  

  The 
  editorial 
  in 
  the 
  last 
  Gazette, 
  on 
  botanical 
  mstruction 
  m 
  

   colleges 
  and 
  universities 
  of 
  the 
  United 
  States, 
  is 
  certainly 
  a 
  'i^ely 
  "^ 
  

   Ihe 
  one-sided 
  method 
  of 
  teaching 
  biology 
  pursued 
  in 
  one 
  of 
  our 
  g^^ 
  

   umvemt,es 
  and 
  emphasized 
  in 
  more 
  than 
  one 
  text-book 
  is 
  m^' 
  

   piorabe. 
  One 
  even 
  notes 
  in 
  certain 
  circles 
  a 
  tendency 
  to 
  read 
  bot 
  _^ 
  

   out 
  of 
  the 
  scientific 
  party 
  altogether. 
  I 
  do 
  not 
  know 
  whether 
  the 
  w 
  

  

  . 
  i--^v 
  -iitugt^uier. 
  1 
  ao 
  not 
  Know 
  wucl.^-* 
  

  

  e 
  8 
  on 
  animals 
  have 
  become 
  ashamed 
  of 
  the 
  word 
  " 
  zoology 
  " 
  «' 
  ° 
  

  

  c!rH 
  th 
  ^' 
  r' 
  ^° 
  "^""'^ 
  ^^^«^" 
  t« 
  ^5«c^rd 
  it 
  than 
  botanists 
  have 
  

  

  ve 
  n 
  T''u 
  " 
  ^°*^^^'" 
  ^^' 
  ^«th 
  are 
  connected 
  with 
  some 
  very 
  bad 
  ^^^ 
  

  

  ve^i 
  niuch 
  abandoned 
  methods 
  of 
  teaching 
  -but 
  there 
  are 
  a 
  number 
  

  

  dis- 
  

   i 
  

  

  