154 RITTER. [Vou. XII. 
stomach for a short distance, then changing by a rather wide 
curve to a nearly dorsal direction which is followed for a 
distance about equal to the combined length of oesophagus, 
stomach, and ventrally directed limb of intestine. Anus 
directed somewhat anteriorly, nearly as broad as any part of 
intestine, provided with a thick lip. A peculiar thickened 
band in the wall of the intestine, beginning in the loop, extends 
in an oblique direction half way to the anus. Lacteal system 
consists of a prominent coecum projecting from the stomach 
near its pyloric orifice, into one side of which opens a much 
smaller tube, the common stem of the greatly branched in- 
testinal part of the system. 
Sexual Organs. Both ovaries and testes in the form of “ poly- 
carps” attached to the mantle on each side of the endostyle, 
and projecting into the peribranchial chamber. These few in 
number and small in size so far as known. Uncertain whether 
the same zooids produce both ova and sperm or not. 
Hypophysis. A simple duct, no branched glandular part, 
the mouth a simple elliptical opening. 
Ganglion. Situated ventrally to the hypophyseal duct, con- 
sisting of the usual outer layer of multi- and uni-polar ganglion 
cells, and an inner cell-less core of nerve fibres. 
Budding. Pallial, z.e. from the parietal wall of the peri- 
branchial sac. 
I have hesitated much in deciding in which of the two genera, 
Goodsiria or Synstyela, this species ought to be placed. The 
only well-marked distinction between them appears to be in 
the character of the colony, this being designated as massive 
in the first, and thin and encrusting in the second. Certainly 
the latter characterization applies to the greater number of 
colonies of G. dura which I have seen, but at the same time it 
does not apply to all in all their parts. It will surely be allowed 
by all zodlogists familiar with the compound Ascidians that 
the form of the colony alone is a rather frail peg on which to 
hang a genus. It appears to me that the difference between a 
pedunculated and a massive colony is at least as great as that 
between a massive and an incrusting one. If the latter differ- 
ence is worthy of being used to separate species into genera, 
