552 ALLIS. [Vox. XII. 
a smaller scale, a fair copy or reduplication of the outer muscles 
Ao! and Az taken together. The tendon A, Ao” has its front 
edge posterior to that of Az Ao! and, although lying closely 
against the inner surface of that tendon, is wholly separate fror 
and disconnected with it, except at one point near the hind edge 
of the splenial. There the front edges of the two tendons are 
connected by a short tendinous band, which extends between the 
points where they are joined, 42 Ao! by the tendon of the first 
division of the levator maxillae superioris, and A; Aw! by the 
tendons of the second and third divisions of that muscle. The 
tendon A; Aw", where it passes across the hind edge of the 
splenial, is strongly attached to a tough band of dermis formed 
along that edge, so that this becomes in a measure a point of 
attachment for the two divisions of the adductor Az and A3, and 
also for the first three divisions of the levator maxillae superioris. 
b. Levator Maxillae Superioris. 
In addition to the adductor mandibulae, properly so called and 
above described, there are four muscles intimately associated 
with it, and in teleosts and selachians considered, in part, as parts 
of it. They have been called by McMurrich, in Amia (No. 76, 
p. 122), the second, third, fourth, and fifth divisions of the leva- 
tor arcus palatini. They are, however, so evidently derived from 
the levator maxillae superioris of selachians, and from a muscle 
that Vetter (No. 124) has called AddB, a part of the adductor 
mandibulae, in Acanthias and Scymnus, that it has seemed best 
to reject the names used by McMurrich, and to call the muscles 
the first, second, third, and fourth divisions of the levator max- 
illae superioris. It seems best, also, to change slightly the order 
of numbering used by McMurrich, and to consider his third divi- 
sion of the levator arcus palatini as the first one of the levator 
maxillae superioris ; his second division as the second ; his fourth 
division as the third; and his fifth division as the fourth. 
The fourth division of the muscle (Lws‘+, Figs. 21-42) is short, 
stout, and conical in shape, with the base of the cone below 
at its insertion on the upper surface of the palatine bone near 
its outer, hinder edge. At its apex or origin the muscle was, 
