698 ALLIS. [VoL. XII, 
formed a loop with a branch of the truncus intestinalis, and 
another branch entered, and apparently innervated, the second 
obliquus dorsalis. The second obliquus on the right side was 
apparently innervated by a branch of the ramus posttrematicus 
of the third vagus, as already stated. 
From the base of the truncus pharyngeus superior, or even 
from the main fourth ganglion itself, one or two branches are 
sent medianward and backward to the dorsal surface of the 
retractor arc. branch. dorsalis, and then forward and backward 
upon that muscle and the transversus dorsalis anterior, inner- 
vating those two muscles and also the anterior obliquus dorsalis. 
The truncus intestinalis runs downward, medianward, and 
backward to the side of the oesophagus, sends several branches 
to the dorsal surface of the constrictor oesophagei, and then 
continues backward, its further course and distribution not 
being traced. 
IV. MUSCLES INNERVATED BY THE POSTVAGAL OR OCCIP- 
ITAL NERVES, AND THE NERVI OCCIPITALES. 
1. Branchiomandibularis. 
The branchiomandibularis (Gm, Figs. 44-47, and 58, Pls. 
XXXI-XXXV) is a long muscle, double at its origin and at its 
insertion, but single in its middle portion, where it lies in the 
median plane of the body, immediately ventral to the tough, semi- 
cartilaginous mass that lies between, and in front of, the hypohy- 
als, and forms the tongue of the fish. Posterior to this mass, and 
posterior to and between the hypohyals, the muscle, when at 
rest, turns directly downward in front of the anterior tendinous 
edges of the hyohyoidei, and passes through a large vascular 
or lymphatic space, which, in the adult, forms an annular vein- 
like vessel, tightly holding the muscle, about midway of its 
length, and compressing its fibres into a small, round neck. 
This neck lies nearly perpendicular to the anterior ventral por- 
tion of the muscle, and somewhat in front of the posterior 
extremity of that portion, the ventral fibres of the muscle 
turning upward and then forward to enter it, as if, in the com- 
pression of the fibres here, the dorsal ones had been more 
