116 MR. J. E. HARTING ON ARCTIC BIRDS. [Feb. 7, 



both differ from it in having the axillary plumes smoke-grey 

 instead of pure white. The tarsus, also, is somewhat longer and 

 more slender in proportion than that of the European bird. I have 

 now before me eight skins of C. virginicus from various American 

 localities, north and south, and fourteen skins of C. longipes from 

 India, China, Australia, and the Malay archipelago. A careful 

 comparison of these gives the following results : — (1) That C. longipes 

 is invariably smaller than C. virginicus, the respective measurements 

 being as under- Bm Wing Tarsug 



in. in. in. 



C. virginicus I 7 to 7'4 1*6 



C. longipes '8 to '9 6-4 to 66 1-5 



C.pluvialis '9 7"5 1'4 



(2) That C. virginicus at all seasons (but more especially in winter) 

 has far less of the golden colour on the dorsal plumage and on the 

 breast than C. longipes has, the prevailing colour on the former bird 

 being brown of two shades in winter, interspersed with black and 

 golden in summer. 



I have a Golden Plover in my collection which was taken at sea in 

 lat. 69° 30' N., long. 1 73° 20' E., many miles N.W. of Point Barrow. 

 This is the furthest point north, so far as I am aware, at which a 

 Golden Plover has been met with. Its measurements are, bill "8 in., 

 wing 6*5, tarsus 1*5. 



These measurements, as well as the general coloration, show that 

 the specimen is referable to the Asiatic, and not to the American 

 race, although it was met with much nearer to the American than 

 to the Asiatic coast. 



The Golden Plover from Australia is identical in every way with 

 the bird from India, China, and the Malay countries. 



Purple Sandpiper. 



Tringa maritima, Brunnich, Orn. Bor. p. 54. 



Tringa striata, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 248. 



Prof. Baird gives Eastern North America and Europe as the habitat 

 of this species. Its appearance in this case on the N.W. coast of 

 N. America shows that it has a more extensive range. The Purple 

 Sandpiper visits the Faroe Isles, Iceland, Greenland, and Spitzbergen ; 

 and Von Baer found it in Nova Zembla — an observation recently 

 confirmed by Mr. Gillett (c/. Ibis, 1870, p. 306). Sir Edward 

 Parry found it common in Davis Straits and Baffin's Bay, on Winter 

 Island, Port Bowen, and Hecla Cove. Sir J. Richardson says that 

 it breeds on Melville Peninsula and the shores of Hudson's Bay. 



Case 10 contains another example of this species (T. maritima). 

 American and European specimens are absolutely identical. 



Case 1 1 . The five birds, of different species, in this case were 

 procured by Captain Collinson, C.B. (to whom reference has been 

 before made), in II. M.S. ' Enterprise.' No locality is recorded for 

 any of them ; but, judging from the localities attached to the other 



