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R. T. DAVIDSON ON JAPANESE BRACHIOPODA. [Apr. 18, 



The following papers were read : — 



1. On Japanese recent Brachiopoda. By Thomas Davidson, 

 Esq., F.R.S., F.G.S., &c. (Communicated by J. Gwyn 

 Jeffreys, Esq., F.Z.S.) 



[Received April 18, 1871.] 

 (Plates XXX. & XXXI.) 



It is to Mr. Arthur Adams that we are indebted for the discovery 

 of by far the largest number of species of Brachiopoda hitherto pro- 

 cured from the Japanese waters. These species were dredged by 

 him during the period extending from 1859 to 1861, and he gave a 

 very brief account of them, without illustrations (if we except a single 

 figure of T. davidsoni), in the 'Annals & Magazine of Natural His- 

 tory ' for 1860 and 1863, as well as in the ' Proceedings of the Zoolo- 

 gical Society ' for 1867. 



Mr. Adams enumerates the following species : — 



1. Terebratidinajaponica^ovt. 10. 



2. caput-serpentis, Linne. 1 1 . 



3. cumin ff it, Dav. 12. 



4. Terebratula davidsoni, 13. 



Adams. 14. 



5. Waldheimia cranium, Gmel. 15. 



6. septigera, Loven. 16. 



7. picta, Chemn. 



8. gray ii, Dav. 



9. Terebratella coreanica, 



Adams and Reeve. 



Terebratella mariee, Adams. 

 Ismenia sanguinea, Chemn. 



reevei, Adams. 



Rhynchonelld lucidd, Gould. 

 woodwardii, Adams. 



Crania japonica, Adams. 

 Discina Stella, Gould. 

 17- Lingula tumidula, Reeve. 



18. smaragdina, Adams. 



19. ■ jdspided, Adams. 



20. lepiduld, Adams. 



At the suggestion of Mr. A. Adams as well as Mr. Jeffreys, I 

 have examined the original specimens of the shells above named ; 

 and I now beg to submit to the Zoological Society a revised list 

 accompanied by illustrations of all the species. 



It would result from my examination that the shells attributed to 

 Waldheimia cranium and to W. septigera in Mr. Adam's paper will 

 have to be referred to other species, as no authenticated example of 

 tbose forms have, to my knowledge, been hitherto obtained from the 

 waters of Japan. Some other modifications to the list will also be 

 required, to which we will refer in tbe sequel. I will likewise add 

 descriptions and figures of three or four more species that are either 

 new or had been found in those waters by other naturalists. 



No sea of a similar extent to that of Japan has furnished us with 

 so large a series of species of Brachiopoda ; and as their habitat as 

 well as the depth at which they occur has been accurately determined 

 by Mr. A. Adams, it is important that the identification of the 

 species should be carefully determined and discussed. 



The study of the recent Brachiopoda has been much increased and 

 advanced during the last few years, thanks to the numerous dredging- 



