1871.] PROF. FLOWER ON PHOCA HISPIDA. 509 



which is figured and of which the external characters are described in 

 the ' Histoire Naturelle des Mammiferes,' tome i. ix. (1819), as the 

 " Phoque commun." This latter has since been recognized as be- 

 longing to the same species as Nilsson's P. annellata, and as the 

 skull figured by Cuvier as P. hispida. In a later fasciculus of the 

 • Eist. Nat. des Mammiferes,' it is spoken of as the "Phoque 

 marbre ;" and the figure has been copied in Hamilton's "Amphibious 

 Carnivora" in the 'Naturalist's Library' as that of the "Marbled 

 Seal." 



The principal synonymy of the species will therefore be as fol- 

 lows : — 



Neitsel; Crantz, Hist, von Gronland, i. p. 164 (1765). 



The Rough Seal], Pennant, Synopsis of Quadrupeds, p. 341 (1771). 



Phoca fcetida (not described), Fabricius, in Midler's ' Prodromus 

 Zoologise Danicse,' p. viii (1776). 



P. hispida 1, Schreber, Saugethiere, pt. iii. tab. lxxvii. (before 

 1778). 



P. hispida 7 ., Erxleben, Systema Regni Animalis, p. 589 (1777). 



P. hispida 7 , Gmelin, Systema Naturae (1778). 



P. fcetida, Fabricius, Fauna Grcenlandica, p. 13 (1780). 



P. hispida (Fiordsccleri), Fabricius, Skriv. af Natur. Selskabet, 

 Copenhagen, vol. i. pt. 2. p. 74 (1790). 



P. fcetida, Desmarest, Mammalogie, Ency. Method. (1820). 



P. annellata (Ringlad Skill), Nilsson, Skand. Fauna (1820). 



Cal/ocephalus hispidus, F. Cuvier, Mem. du Museum, xi. (1824) 

 (skull). 



C. discolor, F. Cuvier, ibid, (external characters). 



P. annellata, Thienemann, Reise in Norden Europa's, pt. i. Nat. 

 Bemerk. p. 83, tab. 9-12 (1824). 



P. fcetida, Fischer, Synopsis Mammalium, p. 377 (1829). 



P. annellata, A.Wagner, Schreber's Saugethiere, pt. viii. (1846). 



Callocephalus fcetidus, Gray, Cat. Seals Brit. Mus. 1850, p. 23. 



P. fcetida, Blasius, Saugethiere Deutschlands (1857). 



P. annellata, Giebel, Die Saugethiere, p. 137 (1859). 



P. hispida, Gaimard, Voy. Island. Mammalia, pi. 10. f. 1 & 2. 



P. annellata, Iladde*, Reisen im Siiden von Ost-Sibirien, i. p. 296, 

 tab. 1-3(1862). 



Pagomys fcetidus, Grav, Proc. Zool. Soc. (1864), p. 31; Cat. 

 Seals and Whales in Brit." Mus. (1866) p. 23. 



Although it may still be a matter of opinion which of these names 

 ought to be adopted, it appears to me that, on the whole, preference 

 should be given to hispida, on account of priority ; for although the 

 earliest descriptions under this name are very meagre and inaccurate, 

 they are avowedly founded on the Neitsek of Crantz, the appellation 

 by which this Seal is known to the Greenlanders to this day accord- 

 ing to Mr. R. Brown f, and are therefore intended for this species, 

 and especially because Fabricius in 1 790 definitely adopted the name, 



* This author gives a detailed description, with figures, of the Seal of Lake 

 Baikal, which appears to be a variety of this species, 

 t "On the Seals of Greenland," P. Z. S. 1868. p. 414. 



