1870.] PIED WAGYIAILS OF CHINA. 121 
This grey-backed species Scopoli actually diagnoses as black- 
backed, thus :— 
* 105. Motacilla (luzonensis) nigra; fronte, gula, pectore, ab- 
domine et fascia alarum albis. 
* Oculi intra aream albam. Pone oculos linea alba, sursum ar- 
cuata. Rectrix prima alba. 
“In insula Luzon, p. 60, tab. 29 (referring to the plate in Son- 
nerat’s work).”—Delicie Flore et Faune insubrice, by J. A. 
Scopoli, 1786, part ii. 
With such a wrong diagnosis of characters this name can scarcely 
stand for the grey-backed pied Wagtail of Luzon, to which it evi- 
dently refers. There may be also a black-backed species in Luzon 
to which this description would in all probability apply. At all 
events, through Sonnerat we now know that it refers to a grey- 
backed species similar to and of the same size as M. alba of Europe. 
Such a bird is M. dukhunensis, Sykes, of India, and not the small 
black-backed type hitherto identified with the Philippine species 
and bearing Scopoli’s name. We must therefore adopt for the 
Indian species the term M. lJeucopsis, Gould (P. Z. S. 1837, p. 78). 
Moraci.ua LEvcopsis, Gould. 
Length of wing 3°7, of tail 3°75, of tarse*92. Upper parts from 
centre of crown black. Wing-coverts broadly margined with white, 
concealing the black of their bases and forming a pure white bar 
across the wing. Tertiaries and winglet broadly edged, secondaries 
conspicuously edged and tipped, and primaries edged to their curve 
and lightly tipped with white. Axillaries and broad under edges to 
quills white. Upper tail-coverts more or less edged exteriorly with 
white. Tail black, the outermost feather pure white, the next with a 
black border to its inner web. Breast with a black band not ea- 
ceeding + inch in breadth. Bill and legs black. 
Ha6. in India. 
The above description is taken from Mr. Gould’s type specimen 
and another in his collection. 
In China, from Canton to Shanghai, occurs a race of the above bird 
which is to be distinguished from the Indian by its whole breast being 
black. This I have hitherto considered the same as the species of 
India, but will now separate as 
MOoTACILLA FELIX, sp. nov. 
Length of wing 3°6, of tail 3-6, of tarse °92. General plumage 
very similar to the last. ‘The tail has the outermost feather as well 
as the one next to it bordered on the inner web with black; but 
among my large series I have a specimen or two in which the outer- 
mest is wholly white. The most notable difference is in the breast, 
which in full summer plumage is black, the black extending upwards 
till it reaches about 3 inch from the base of the gonys of the bill. 
Winter and summer this black is conspicuously large. In some 
specimens a few black speckles show themselves on the white of the 
