1870. ] ANATOMY OF THE PRONGBUCK. 363 
B. The Extremities. 
(a) Anterior limb.—Little deviation in the form of the scapula 
from that of ordinary ruminants is perceptible; it is of a long iso- 
sceles triangular shape, with a flat smooth blade, short neck, and 
well-developed spine (mesoscapula of Parker) an inch high at the 
middle. A tuberous but compressed coracoid process barely pro- 
jects beyond the deeply scooped glenoid cup; but no acromion 
extension is definable as obtains in Bovide. The spine is situated 
anteriorly to the mesial line, so that the suprascapular is one-third 
less in width than the infrascapular fossa. The axillary border does 
not present a gutter and slope into the subscapular facies as is the 
rule in Artiodactyla, but, instead, forms a flat flange or shelf of bone 
2 an inch broad at right angles from it, and whereon the teres major 
muscle arises. The bone of the scapula is 73 inches in long dia- 
meter, and 4 inches broad at the vertebral border; a semiossified 
cartilage (Parker’s suprascapular segment) extends 1 inch beyond. 
The humerus is shorter than the scapula by 0°3 inch. It has a 
moderately stout smoothish shaft, the upper half of which on cross- 
section would yield an antero-posterior subelliptical circumference, 
but its lower half a transverse one. A depressed articular semi- 
lunar head diverges backwards at almost right angles to the shaft’s 
axis. The large inflated inner tuberosity, like the head, is flattish 
atop ; the bicipital groove is broad, elevated rather than depressed, 
with a wide excavation to its inner side for the insertion of the sub- 
seapularis. The outer tuberosity, ruminant-like, is a massive three- 
sided eminence raised 3 an inch higher than the capitulum ; and it 
partially overarches the bicipital groove, though not at all so sharply 
in-turned as in the Mazama (Aploceros americanus). 
A smooth broadish boss marks the place of insertion for the supra- 
spinatus muscle ; and an oblique deltoid ridge is amply represented. 
A minute nutritious foramen enters on the outside of the shaft at 
the commencement of its lower third. 
Laying the radius of the Prongbuck (which measured 7:8 inches 
long) side by side with that of a Fallow Deer of equivalent length, 
I observed the former had a narrower rounder shaft, and this gave 
to its proximal and distal extremities a more expanded character. 
The less convex but broader shaft of the Dama implied greater 
strength throughout. 
The shaft of the ulna is adnate to the above, it being a thin deli- 
cate bony splint, complete, however, from above downwards, and 
terminating in a well-developed trihedral styloid process. The ole- 
cranon is of good size. The entire ulnar bone measures 93 inches. 
From the limb-bones having been wired together in position 
before I had access to the skeleton, I was unable to compare the 
individual carpal and tarsal bones with those of other forms. The 
number, however, appears to agree with the typical ruminants and 
not with the aberrant Giraffe and Camel—there being in the carpus 
a scaphoid, Iunare, cuneiform, and pisiform in the proximal row, 
and a trapezoides and os magnum in the distal one. 
