1870.] MYOLOGY OF PLATYDACTYLUS JAPONICUS. 423 
Coccygeus inferior arises from the hemal spines of the third, 
fourth, and fifth caudal vertebra, and is developed into a broad 
vertical tendon attached to the centra of the first and second caudal 
vertebrae, and to the sacrum, which with its fellow of the opposite 
side forms a partition between the two halves, embracing and being 
attached to the posterior end of the cloaca; the anterior extremity 
of the free edge of this tendon is inserted into the postero-external 
angle of the ischium. 
Pyriformis is situated between the coccygeus medius and inferior, 
arises trom the centra of the first six caudal vertebrz, and from the 
heemapophyses of the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth, and passing 
forward through the tendinous intersection it ends in a flat tendon, 
which winds round the trochanter, and is inserted into the femur at 
its base on the anterior surface ; before arriving at the femur it gives 
off a long and slender tendon, which passes down the thigh to join 
the aponeurosis covering the flexor muscles of the leg. 
Quadratus femoris arises from the posterior point of the ilium, 
between the origin of the biceps femoris and the insertion of the 
coccygeus superior ; passing directly towards the ventral surface, it 
joins the tendon of the last muscle, and in addition is inserted into 
the posterior edge of the trochanter by a tendon of its own. 
Iliacus arises from the concave ventral surface of the pubis and 
from the membrane, filling up the space between it and the ischium ; 
superficially it is divisible into three portions; but the divisions do 
not run deep; the fibres converge and are inserted into the summit 
of the trochanter, having somewhat the aspect of the subscapularis. 
I have ventured to call this iliacus on account of its insertion, its 
origin, although coming from the proper direction, beiug from a 
different bone to the one it ought to be in order to make the analogy 
complete. 
Adductor brevis.—This muscle regarded superficially looks as if 
it formed part of the iliacus ; but dissected deeper it is found to have 
a separate insertion; it arises from the side of the ischium, and is 
inserted into a fossa on the dorsal side of the trochanter, internal to 
the insertion of the quadratus femoris. 
Capsularis arises from the postero-lateral margin of the ischium, 
covered by the last muscle, and is inserted into the dorsal part of 
the capsular ligament of the femoro-pelvic articulation. 
Adductor magnus arises on the internal or dorsal surface of the 
pelvis by three heads :—one from the anterior border of the ischium ; 
the other from the internal surface and anterior edge of the pubis, 
appearing on the ventral aspect; the other from the membrane 
between the two bones. The fibres converge, and passing over the 
front of the ilium through the arch formed by the abdominal muscles 
are inserted into the ventral aspect of the shaft of the femur for 
nearly one-half of its length, ventrad of the crureus and dorsad of 
the pectineus. The action of the muscle being to adduct and flex 
the thigh upon the pelvis, it seems more nearly to correspond with 
the adductor than with any other. 
Gluteus medius arises from the ilium, in front of the origin of the 
