1870. | DR. J. MURIE ON SAIGA TARTARICA, 483 
attachment must have a powerful influence in fixing the head upon 
the neck. 
The pectoralis major is small compared with the p. minor; its 
origin reaches only to opposite the fourth rib; and its broad insertion 
is round the fleshy parts at the head of the humerus. The pectoralis 
minor is much more elongate, triangular, and stronger than the p. 
major. It extends backwards to the xiphoid cartilage, and, in partial 
union on the side of the chest with the latissimus dorsi, proceeds for- 
wards, and is inserted into the head of the humerus above the supra- 
spinatus. As in Ungulata, there is a sterno-scapular muscle present. 
This, a small fleshy band or slip, arises from the anterior outer side 
of the manubrium, and, passing outwards, goes between the sca- 
pula and head of the humerus, being lost in the tissues superficial 
to the pectoralis minor. A distinct swpracostal, some inches long, 
lies upen the first four or five ribs, as in many Ruminants. It is 
fleshy to the second rib, and broadly tendinous behind that, inclining 
from without inwards. The serratus magnus is both extensive, thick, 
and fleshy. It is situated between the seventh rib and the axis, its 
subscapular fold covering the bone from the vertebral border to its 
middle. The datissimus dorst comes from the tenth rib forward, is 
relatively narrow, and joins, as aforesaid, the pectoralis minor, to be 
inserted into the humerus. 
The diceps is single-headed and strong. The drachialis anticus 
has origin from the post-outer surface of the humeral neck, and, with 
a moderately fleshy belly, is fixed into the anterior radial head. 
The coraco-brachialis is large and fleshy. Origin coracoid process ; 
insertion to middle of humerus. The long narrow deltoid stretches 
between the lower border of the scapula and the deltoid ridge. The 
triceps is four-headed ; and there is, besides, a band-like slip repre- 
senting the dorsi-epitrochlear muscle. ‘The scapular head of the 
triceps is of enormous bulk; and the dorso-epitrochlear band lies 
deeply adherent to it. The supraspinatus has a partially double 
insertion on to the head of the humerus, as in the Giraffe. 
There is the representative of a cephalo-humeral, which rolls 
round the head of the humerus, and is inserted between the biceps 
and brachialis anticus and triceps on the shaft of the bone below 
the deltoid ridge. The long spinal muscles of the back are remark- 
ably broad, well developed, and fleshy ; the psoas and iliacus 
moderately so, though wide. 
There is a thick layer of firm fat overspreading the entire body, 
but only partially so on the limbs; it lies beneath the extensive 
muscular panniculus carnosus. The cutaneous panniculus is of mo- 
derate thickness, and fleshy chiefly on the side of the body. It sends 
a thin slip towards the elbow; and there is a broad attachment, both 
into the groin and onwards to the knee-joint. 
Other muscles have been described, among the organs of genera- 
tion and laryngeal structures. The remainder of them and the 
tendons of the limbs were but roughly dissected, as both skeleton 
and skin had to be prepared for the British Museum. 
