494 DR. J. MURIE ON SAIGA TARTARICA. {June 9, 
hyoid has the usual attachments, but is very broad, and obliquely 
directed inwards and downwards or backwards. 
The thyro-hyoid is a remarkably long, broad, and thin sheet of 
muscular fibres: origin, sides of thyroid ale, exterior to the salient 
protuberance ; insertion, the whole of the basihyal and the thyro- 
hyal cartilaginous rods. A broad portion of the median constrictor 
passes on to the thyroid ala beneath it. The stylo-hyoid, fleshy and 
strong, pierced by the median tendon of the digastric muscle, is 
inserted broadly into the basihyal. I may note also the presence 
of a large triangular fleshy muscle, the so-called hyo-keratic of some 
authors (iA). 
The crico-thyroid is notable by the obliquity of its fleshy fibres. 
These meet in the median line, are attached to the upper border of 
the cricoid in front, but laterally cover it ; ascending backwards, the 
fibres are inserted into the cricoid margin of the thyroid ala. The 
posterior crico-arytenoidei (P.¢.a) are large but thin, and fit the 
shallow concavity of the cricoid shield. Owing to the oblique down- 
ward position assumed by the anterior cricoid ring, only short 
narrow wedged-shaped fasciculi of muscle represent the lateral crico- 
arytenoidei (Z.c.a). Each arytenoideus muscle (dr) is fairly 
developed, and, as usual, fills the post-concavity of the arytenoid 
cartilage. The thyro-arytenoidei (7%. a & Th. a. 1 & 2) are great soft 
muscular bands imbedded amongst and partially interwoven with fatty 
tissue. They take origin within the cavity of the thyroid pro- 
minence, and, proceeding backwards and upwards, partly covered by 
the cricoid and thyroid alee, are inserted into the root and outer 
margin of the arytenoid cartilage. 
The bones composing the complex hyoid arch are each relatively 
long; but there does not seem to be present such a very elongate 
fibro-cartilaginous styloid cord as is figured by Pallas in the male 
Antilope gutturosa. In the Saiga, as in it and the Sheep, the basi- 
(B h) and thyro-hyals (7' /) thoroughly interblend together and con- 
stitute a high arch, from the summit of which three short blunt 
processes spring. The middle one, the strongest and most project- 
ing, is the rostrum of the basihyal; the outer ones, or wing expan- 
sions of the bone, give lateral breadth rather than branch forwards. 
From these the styloform thyro-hyals retrograde. The basihyal is 
just under 1 inch broad, and each thyro-hyal 13 inch long. The 
latter were cartilaginous, the former semiossified in the Society’s 
male specimen. The cerato-hyals (CA) have a free articular surface 
at each end. The epihyals nearly correspond, though, unfortu- 
nately, not defined or lettered in A, fig. 11. They each are less than 
an inch long, their ends swollen and body laterally compressed. 
The stylo-hyal (SA) is fully 3 inches in length, the body slender, but 
the cranial end expanded into a flat somewhat rhomboidal figure. 
The upper spur terminates in a small tympanic bulb ; the lower spur 
broadly descends, and, with concave antero-posterior margins, bends 
forwards in a spine. 
Comparing the hyoid of Sazga with the Sheep’s, it is altogether 
more delicate, and each bone longer. The spurs of the cranial end 
