1870.] MESSRS. SCLATER AND SALVIN ON THE CRACID. 509 
perhaps P. jacucaca, concerning the identification of which we 
entertain some doubts. 
(1849.) Penelope pileata is figured by Des Murs in the ‘ Icono- 
graphie Ornithologique’ from a specimen in the Paris Museum. 
(1850.) Fraser, in the ‘ Proceedings’ of this Society, describes 
two new Cracide from specimens living in the Knowsley collection, 
viz. Craxz alberti and Penelope nigra, the latter being our Penelo- 
pina nigra. But note that the bird figured as the female of C. 
alberti, l. c. t. xxvii. is the female of C. globicera. 
(1852.) Reichenbach, in his ‘Avium Systema Nature,’ which 
forms a kind of preface to his ‘ Handbuch der speciellen Ornitho- 
logie,’ gives a list of genera of this family, mainly in explanation of 
the previously published lithographic plates of structural parts. He 
establishes two new genera—Penelops for Penelope albiventris of 
Lesson (= Ortalida leucogastra), and Aburria for Penelope aburri 
of Lesson. The former species is a typical Oréalida ; the latter genus 
we adopt. 
(1856.) Prince Charles Bonaparte publishes his ‘ Tableaux Paral- 
léliques de ’Ordre des Gallinacés’ in the ‘ Comptes Rendus’ of the 
Academy of Sciences of Paris. After characterizing two new species 
of the group, viz. Pipile argyrotis (= Penelope argyrotis) and 
Ortalida montagnii (= Stegnolema montagnii), but so shortly as to 
be unrecognizable without reference to the original specimens, in a 
table of the Craces, as he calls them, he divides these birds into two 
families, Cracide and Penelopide; of the former he enumerates 
ten species, of the latter twenty-nine. The synonymy and arrange- 
ment of the species are full of errors, and are barely worth criticism, 
showing the same marks of haste as most of his later writings. The 
genus Pzpile, however, must take date from this paper. 
(1856.) Burmeister gives an account of the Brazilian Cracide in the 
third volume of his ‘ Systematische Uebersicht der Thiere Brasiliens.’ 
The general arrangement of the genera and higher groups is very 
good ; but the species are not always correctly identified, and there are 
some errors in the localities: e.g. Craw blumenbachit, Spix, is united 
with Crax rubrirostris (i.e. C. carunculata) and C. fasciolata! 
The species met with by Burmeister himself in 8.E. Brazil were only 
three, namely, Penelope superciliaris, P. araucuan (i.e. Ortalida 
albiventris), and Crax blumenbachii (i.e. C. carunculata). Burmeister 
arranges Opisthocomus as an intermediate form between Penelope and 
Crax ; but those who do not go so far as to make this wonderful bird 
an order of itself (following Huxley) must, we think, at least give it 
the rank of a separate family. 
(1858.) Von Pelzeln, in one of his articles on new birds in the 
Imperial Cabinet of Vienna, describes Penelope cujubi of Natterer’s 
MS. and the two other species of the genus Pipile. He gives also 
Natterer’s notes and remarks on these three birds. 
(1860.) Baird, in his ‘ Birds of North America,’ includes one 
member of this group as found on the Rio Grande, within the limits 
of the United States, and proposes to call it O. m’calli, the same 
bird having been previously referred to O. vetula by Lawrence, and 
Proc. Zoou. Soc.—1870, No. XXXIV. 
