1870. | MR. R. SWINHOE ON CHINESE MAMMALS. 621 

27. ERINACEUS ? (Hedgehog.) 
I have heard of Hedgehogs occurring at Taiwan (Formosa), at 
Amoy (P. Z.8. 1864, p. 378), and in Hainan (anted, p. 237), but 
I have never been so fortunate as to procure a specimen from any 
of these localities. They are common about Peking; and I have 
lately brought to the notice of this Society the Peking species, and 
proposed to name it 2. dealbatus (anted, p. 450). 
CARNIVORA. 
28. Ursus Tipetanus, F. Cuvier. (Black Bear.) 
Helarctos tibetanus, Swivhoe, P. Z. 8. 1862, p. 351. 
Ursus formosanus, Swinh. P. Z. 8. 1864, p. 380. 
The Tibetan Black Bear is found in the mountains of the Shan- 
tung promontory ; and I procured thence a living specimen, which 
is now in the Gardens of the Society. But the Black Bear of For- 
mosa I long suspected to be distinct ; and a young animal I procured 
at Taiwan seemed to confirm my view. It had the face as black as 
the rest of the body, instead of brown as in the individual from 
Chefoo. The animal from Taiwan also reached England alive, and 
may be now seen alongside of the other black Bears. Mr. Bartlett 
tells me he can see no distinction between it and the true Tibetan 
form. At Taiwan I obtained two flat skins of the Formosan Bear in 
the adult state ; and these would show that the animal attains a very 
large size, fully equal to the biggest specimens from the Himalayas ; 
but my skins exhibit, in addition to the crescentic white patch on 
the breast, a large round white spot on the belly. This Mr. Bart- 
lett tells me he has also seen in the Bears from India. I procured 
a good series of the skull of our Bear from the aboriginal tribes of 
the central mountains, who dedicate them to the Great Spirit of the 
Chase; and in these I cannot find any noticeable difference from 
the skulls of the Himalayan species in the British Museum. We 
must allow, then, that the Formosan Black Bear is simply the 'Ti- 
betan Bear, which appears also to occur in Hainan, and probably 
throughout the mountains of China generally. 1 extract a note on 
the Formosan Bear from the ‘ Taiwanfoo Gazetteer’ :—- ‘‘ Bears have 
hair stiff as bristles, and their coat is thick and shaggy ; the arrow’s 
head cannot pierce the body. Their feet are strong, and with their 
claws they can climb trees, on the summits of which they will sit 
cross-legged, or they will burrow into the earth and dwell there. 
People capture them by stratagem. Before they have carried young 
their bellies contain much suet that is eatable ; their paws, however, 
are the tit-bits (lit. the one of eight pearls). Hashed and roasted, 
these afford a true relish ; but it is no very easy matter to cook them 
properly.” 
Brown Bears, or ‘‘ Men Bears,”’ as the Chinese call them, are said 
by the natives to occur in the mountains of South China ; but I have 
never seen any. In North China, I have been informed by friends, 
Brown Bears are taken about by showmen, and made to dance and 
