1870. ] MR. R. SWINHOE ON CHINESE MAMMALS. 641 
in the British Museum. Sus scrofa was at once distinguished by its 
nasal bones exceeding the head in length, and by the comparative 
greater distance of the palatal notch from the bulla. The Shanghai 
and Indian skulls, all of nearly equal size and age, were then care- 
fully compared ; and, with the exception of a rather more convex 
vertex in the former, there was no appreciable difference. Dr. Giin- 
ther gave it as his opinion that, judging from the skulls, he would 
consider the Shanghai and Indian animals to be of the same species. 
The authors of the ‘ Fauna Japonica’ consider the Sus leucomys- 
tax of Japan the stock of the Japanese domestic Pig, from the 
resemblance of the two. The figure given in that work bears a strong 
likeness to our Shanghai animal ; but the description of the species 
is too scanty for certain determination. 
72. Sus TarvANus. (Formosan Wild Boar). 
Sus taivanus, Swinhoe, P. Z. S. 1864, p. 383 ; Gray, P. Z.S. 
1868, p. 26. . 
Porcula taivana, Swinhoe, P. Z. 8. 1862, p. 360. 
From the last, or what we take to be Sus lewcumystazx, the di- 
stinetion of the Formosan animal is apparent both in skin and skull. 
I have the skin and skull of one animal about two-thirds grown from 
Tamsuy (N.W. Formosa), and a large series of the skulls of adults 
procured in the central mountains of the island from the native 
Indians, who use them to ornament their shrines. These skulls 
average in length a foot; and in many the disappearance of sutures 
and the full development of teeth prove maturity, and show that the 
Formosan animal does not attain the great bulk of the larger species. 
Dr. Ginther kindly assisted me in comparing the skulls. In general 
characters they are allied to those of Sus indicus, but the crown of 
the head, or space between the orbits, is on the whole flatter than 
in the latter; and, with the exception of the last molar, the molars 
(including the premolars) are comparatively larger—indeed, so much 
so that their united length (though the skulls are greatly smaller, 
as 12 to 17) about equals that of the same in the other. Their 
tusks are comparatively smaller and weaker. The females, as a rule, 
have the vertex much broader than the males ; but its breadth varies 
greatly in both sexes. 
The chief difference in its external form appears to be in the shape 
of the ear, which is broad, rounded on the edge, and drawn to a 
point in the present species. The accompanying figures (1 and 3) 
will illustrate this. 
In the ‘ Proceedings’ of this Sogiety for 1862, p. 360, and for 1864, 
p- 383, I have already described the appearance of this species when 
only a few weeks old, and when some months old. I will now de- 
scribe the animal about two-thirds grown that I procured at Tamsuy. 
Length 3 feet, of tail dinches, of skull 10; height at shoulders 
about 21 inches; ear 2°5 long, 1°75 broad. Body sparsely covered 
with light yellowish-brown hair, intermingled with black bristles, 
which are longer, coarser, and more conspicuous. Ear short and 
broad, produced to an apex, with some yellowish hair inside and on 
