1870.] MYOLOGY OF CHAM4LEON PARSONII. 851 
A double-bellied muscle (fig. 1, Z), which might be called a 
superficial temporal, arises posteriorly from the anterior border of 
the suspensorium. It here forms a delicate sheet of fibres which 
converge and are implanted into a tendon which passes beneath the 
strong zygomatic ligament which connects the posterior margin of 
the orbit with the lower end of the suspensorium.  Anteriorly 
other muscular fibres spring from the upper border of the mandible, 
and passing backwards are inserted into the tendon before mentioned. 
Temporalis * (fig. 6, T’). This muscle is of prodigious size ; and 
it would be interesting to know what is the use to the Chameleon of 
so singularly voluminous a temporal. It springs from the whole 
surface of the temporal fossa, and from the occipital crest, where it 
appears on the back of the head, having the most anterior part of 
the longissimus dorsi on its inner side, and the complexus on its 
outer side. It is inserted into the upper border of the mandible, 
between the coronoid process and the articular surface. I did not 
find any distinct masseter +. 
The depressor mandibule (figs. 1 and 6, D), or digastric, arises 
from the postero-external margin of the singular occipital crest and 
of the suspensorium. It is inserted into the posterior end of the 
mandible. 
The pterygoids t (figs. 1, 3, and 5, Pt.) are closely united. 
The external pterygoid is thick and large, arising from the inner side 
of the much downwardly prolonged pterygoid, and being inserted into 
the adjacent side of the mandible, between the coronoid process and 
the angle of the jaw. 
The internal pterygoid is much smaller, and passes from the 
outside of the pterygoid to the posterior part of the mandible. 
II. Muscues or THE Hyo1p. 
The genio-hyoid § (figs. 3, 6, and 7, G. H.) arises from the hinder 
side of the mandible, at and near its symphysis. Passing backward 
it ends in a delicate fascia (closely connected with the under surface 
of the basihyal), which also receives the fibres of the sterno-hyoid, 
the two muscles thus forming a sheet only interrupted by fascia. 
The cerato-mandibular || (figs. 3, 6, and 7, C. M.) arises in common 
with the last, of which it may be considered a differentiation. It 
is inserted into the summit of the thyro-hyal or posterior cornu. 
Levator arcuum (fig. 7, 4). A small muscle may perhaps be | 
thus named which springs from the summits of the hyoidean cornua 
and loses itself in fascia within the lower jaw. 
Cerato-hyoideus (fig. 7, H). This is a small but thick muscular 
* See Cuvier, ‘Lceons d’Anat. Comp.’ 1835, 2nd edition, tome iv. premiére 
partie, p. 137. 
t This agrees with Meckel’s observations. Anat. Comp. traduit par Sanson 
et Schuster, 1838, tome viii. p. 113. 
t Cuvier, 7. c. p. 140; Meckel, 7. c. p. 115. 
§ Cuvier, /. ¢. p. 531; Meckel, 7. c. p. 141. 
| Cuvier, Zc. p. 531; Meckel, /.c. p. 141. 
