SPARUS. — ClCllLI DJE. 



TOO 



J oo 



the cheek. Doisal XI 12 ; spines strong, increasing in length to the 

 fourth, Nvliich measures a little more than ^ length of head and exceeds 

 longest soft rays. Anal III 9 ; second spine strongest and a little 

 longer than third. Pectoral as long as head. Caudal feebly emarginate. 

 Scales 49 in the lateral line, 5 between the latter and the anterior dorsal 

 spines. Silvery ; a black opercular spot ; spinous dorsal black-edged, 

 other fins reddish. 



Total length 280 millim. 



Lower Zambesi and Licuara Rivers. — Types in Berlin Museum. 



Fijr. on. 



SpOfltS VlKjUS. 



Type, after Peters (Z, c). 



Fam. 8. CICHLIU.E. 



Perciform fishes with the suborbitals not produced into a subocular 

 lamina, without teeth on the palate, the lower pharyngeal bones more 

 or less completely united, but with median suture, gill-membranes free 

 from isthmus, 5 or 6 branchiostegal rays, no pseudobranchiae, and a single 

 nostril on each side. S()inous dorsal well developed, usually longer than 

 the soft; anal with o spines or more. Praecaudal vertebrue with trans- 

 verse processes from the third ; ribs most frequently ses>ile or subscssile. 



10 Bou II/III 



