138 CICHLTD.E. 



Teeth in a single series, 14-20 in upper jaw, 



grooved in front; dorsal with 18-20 spines. 40. Plecodus, Blgr., p. 503. 



II. Dorsal and anal fins witli a scaly sheath at the base. 

 Teeth with blunt crowns, in a single series, two 

 or four middle ones enlarged ; dorsal with 

 lG-20 spines, anal with 8-10 . . . .41. Paretroplus, Blkr., p. 504. 



1. TILAPIA. 



Chromis, part., Ouvier, Regne Anim. ii. p. 2GG (1817) ; Giintb. C*at. Fish, i' 



p. 267 (18(12). 

 Tllajna, A. Smith, 111. Zool. S. AEr., Fish. (1840) ; Bouleng. Proc. Zool. Soc. 



1809, p. 105, part., and Poiss. Bass. Congo, p. 452 (1001) ; Pellegr. Mem. 



Soc. Zool. France, xvi. 1904, p. 307 ; Bouleng. Fish. Nile, p. 513 (1907). 

 Sarotherodon, Riipp. Verz. Mus. Senck. iv. p. 21 (1852) ; Giinth. Cat. iv. p. 273. 

 Coptodoii, Gervais, Bull. Soc. Agric. Herault, 1853, p. 81. 

 Haliyenes, Giinth. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1859, p. 471. 



Ph/chocJiromis, Steind. Sitzb. Ak. Wien, Ixxxii. i. 1880,'p. 248: Pellegr. t. c. p. 340. 

 Oreochromis, Giinth. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1889, p. 70 ; Pellegr. t. c. p. 354. 

 Ctenochromis, part., Pfeff. Jahrb. Hamh. Wiss. Anst. x. 1893, p. 149. 

 OpJithalmotilapia, Pellegr. t. c. p. 345. 



Body short or more or less elongate ; scales cycloid or ctenoid ; two 

 incomplete lateral lines. Teeth in 2 or more series, the outer bicuspid *, 

 the others tricuspid ; maxillary usually more or less completely hidden 

 under the praeorbital when the mouth is closed f. Dorsal fin with 11 

 to 19 spines, anal with 3 or 4. Parietal and occipital crests strong, 

 extending to between the orbits. Vertebrae 26-34 J. 



Africa and Syria. 



* Occasionally conical or indistinctly bicuspid in a few species which are x-elated to 

 T. nilotica(T. nigra^ mossamhica, natrdensis, linnelH, squamipinnis). See also I/aplochromis. 

 t Exceptions in T. huettikoferi, fasciata, burioni, acuticeps, sw)jnnertoni, luctdhe, horii. 

 + Numbers of vertebra3 in species with cycloid scales: — 



14-j-]2=2G. T. macrocephala, , 



14 + 1.5 = 25). 2\ percivali. 



15+ 13 = 28. 7'. dolloi, melanopUura, cabnv, sparrumni. 



10 + 12 = 28. 7\ eduanliana, heudeloti, marue, sillii, buettikoferi. 



16 + 13 = 29, 7\ melanopleura, zilUi, brei'lntamis. 

 164-14=30. 7'. shirana, natcdensis. 



17+ 13 = 30. 7'. f/alilo'a, andersoiiii. 

 17+ir) = 32. 7'. nilotica, rjaldiKi. 



17 + 1(1 = .'>3. ']'. i^tjiiniiiiii'iiDih. 



